Tuberous lungwort

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Tuberous lungwort
Tuberous lungwort (Pulmonaria montana)

Tuberous lungwort ( Pulmonaria montana )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Family : Boraginaceae (Boraginaceae)
Subfamily : Boraginoideae
Tribe : Boragineae
Genre : Lung herbs ( pulmonaria )
Type : Tuberous lungwort
Scientific name
Pulmonaria montana
Lej.

The tuberous lungwort ( Pulmonaria montana ) is a plant species within the predatory leaf family (Boraginaceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The bulbous lungwort is a perennial herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of 10 to 40 centimeters. The stem grows upright to ascending and is only sparsely hairy, so it does not look sticky.

The stem-like leaves are about 1 to 2 centimeters wide and about two to three times as long as they are wide and encompassing the stems with a broad base. Their upper side is not spotted, very rarely also covered with light green spots. The elongated-lanceolate basal sheets are gradually narrowed towards both ends and about four to six times as long as they are wide. They have no pointed humps, have no gray tinge and are rich green in color. The top is rough with dense bristles.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period is mainly in April and May. The flowers sit in rather dense, softly hairy, non-sticky coils . The hermaphrodite, radially symmetrical flowers are five-fold. The flower stalks are very short and curved down at the fruiting time. The five sepals are fused bell-shaped, the calyx has ten nerves and is enlarged on the ripe fruit. The initially reddish and later becomes blue to dark purple petals are fused tubular; the corolla tube is about as long as the chalice. There is only one circle with five stamens ; the stamens are very short. The scar is heady.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22 or 24.

Herable copy

Distribution and location

The bulbous lungwort is rare in Central Europe . It occurs in France, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium and Luxembourg.

In Germany, Pulmonaria montana is found mainly in the western region, such as the Rhine Province and the Palatinate. In addition, it is very rare or absent entirely. In Germany it is particularly protected according to the Federal Species Protection Ordinance (BArtSchV). While Pulmonaria montana does not occur in Austria, it can be found widespread in the Swiss Jura. Beyond that, however, it is completely absent.

The tuberous lungwort grows in mixed deciduous forests, on the edges of forests and on forest meadows. It thrives best on fresh, sometimes waterlogged, heavy clay and loam soils . It is a character type of the association Carpinion, but also occurs in societies of the order Prunetalia or the association Trifolion medii.

Taxonomy

The genus Pulmonaria is extremely complex and difficult. There are numerous transitions and hybrid forms between the individual species. In some cases, the specific clans can only be determined by chromosome analysis. The dissemination information in the literature is therefore often incomplete or incorrect.

The tuberous lungwort can be distinguished from the similar hill lungwort ( Pulmonaria collina ) among other things by the non-sticky stem, the more rough basal leaves and the non-sticky inflorescence.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tuberous lungwort . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  786 .
  3. ↑ Benito Valdés, 2011: Boraginaceae. : Datasheet Pulmonaria montana In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Tuberous lungwort  - album with pictures, videos and audio files