Regius Professor of Surgery (Glasgow)

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Image of Joseph Lister's certificate of appointment

The Regius Chair of Surgery is a chair in surgery at the University of Glasgow . He was in 1815 by George III. donated together with the Regius professorships such as chemistry and zoology in Glasgow.

history

In its 200-year history, the chair's holders have achieved some outstanding achievements. The very first holder of the chair, John Burns , made some pioneering achievements in reproductive medicine . His textbook for reproductive medicine , The Principles of Midwifery Including the Diseases of Women and Children , became a standard work in medicine, had several editions and was translated into several languages.

Joseph Lister , the third professor, began the pioneering experiments with carbolic during his tenure, which he concluded with the spray system introduced during his tenure in Edinburgh. On August 12, 1865, a Glasgow boy, James Greenless, was run over by a horse cart. He suffered an open fracture of his left lower leg and was hospitalized. Lister gave chloroform anesthesia and washed the wound with carbolic acid, then covered the wound with cloths soaked in carbolic acid. The wound began to heal and Greenless was released six weeks later, an incident that marked Lister's first success with this method. As a result, Lister was able to reduce the death rate in his department to below 15%. Although had Ignaz Semmelweis made his work before Lister and published, but both the German-Austrian and the Hungarian colleagues Semmelweis' ignored the work largely. Lister's results were not only perceived, but adopted and developed by the medical community.

William Macewen brought several innovations to teaching and practice. He was the first to successfully remove a brain tumor and treat subdural hematomas with surgical interventions, he also performed bone transplants and refined the hygiene measures introduced by Lister into permanent and reliable procedures for hospital practice.

Andrew Watt Kay not only wrote the most influential medical paper in the UK in his day but was involved in the opening of one of the first kidney transplant centers.

Regius Professors of Surgery

Surname name suffix from to annotation
John Burns CM, MD 1815 1850 Burns had studied medicine at the University of Glasgow and practiced in Glasgow. In 1797 he and his brother Allan opened a private teaching facility for medical students, where he taught anatomy, surgery and reproductive medicine . His students were then suspected of stealing corpses from cemeteries for teaching purposes. The magistrate suppressed further investigation into the matter on condition that Burns give up the theory of anatomy. Burns gave in and turned to reproductive medicine. His brother took over the teaching of anatomy. In 1799 John was appointed professor of anatomy at Anderson's University. His publications secured his reputation as an expert in abortion and reproductive medicine. With the protection of the Chancellor of the University he was awarded the Regius Professorship. Together with John Towers , Burns was the first to be awarded the title of Chirurgiae Magister (CM). Burns died on June 18, 1850 when the steamer Orion sank on the crossing from Liverpool to Glasgow.
James Adair Lawrie MA, MD 1850 1860 After studying at the University of Glasgow Lawrie worked for the British East India Company (1823-1831). Then he took over a professorship at Anderson's College, one of the Glasgow colleges.
Joseph Lister MB, FRCS, FRS, LL.D., DCL 1860 1869 Lister had graduated in 1853. In 1865 he began his experiments with "carbolic acid" ( phenol ) as a barrier against infections in open fractures . From 1869 he held the Regius Chair of Clinical Surgery in Edinburgh . In 1897 he moved to King's College London as a professor of surgery . The method developed by Lister became known in English-speaking countries as "Listerism". Lister was ennobled for his achievement in 1883.
George Husband Baird MacLeod MD 1869 1892 In 1853 MacLeod completed his medical studies at the University of Glasgow, Paris and Vienna. During the Crimean War he worked as a surgeon in a hospital in Izmir . He switched to private services and was appointed professor of the Royal Infirmary in 1856 and followed Joseph Lister as Regius Professor in 1869.
William Macewen MB, CM, LL.D. 1892 1924 Macewen studied in Glasgow from 1865 to 1869. After a number of posts in various hospitals in Glasgow, he became a surgeon at the Western Infirmary in 1873. He gained fame for introducing aseptic procedures in the operating room, as a pioneer in brain surgery and by introducing various successful procedures and techniques in the field of surgical treatment of bones. In 1902 Macewen was ennobled.
Archibald Young B.Sc., MB, CM 1924 1939 Young was educated at the University of Glasgow and graduated with honors. He continued his studies in Europe and visited Berlin, Breslau and Heidelberg. After some private employment, he became the personal assistant to the pathologist Joseph Coats and in 1898 became the assistant to William Macewen. During the second Boer War he worked in Kroonstad . He spent the First World War as a surgeon in the Western Infirmary in Glasgow. During his professorship, he continued to refine the surgical treatment of fractures.
Charles Frederick William Illingworth MB, Ch.B., CBE 1939 1964 Charles Frederick William Illingworth 'studies at the University of Edinburgh were interrupted by the First World War, in which he participated as a pilot from 1916 to 1918 and where he was briefly taken prisoner. Illingworth was the founder of the non-profit research foundation Tenovus-Scotland . The University's Illingworth Prize is named after him.
Andrew Watt Kay MB, Ch.B., MD, Ch.M., FRCS 1964 1981 Kay studied in Glasgow and graduated with the Brunton Memorial Prize. The Bellahouston Gold Medal crowned his medical degree. From 1942 to 1956 he assisted the incumbent Regius Professorship, only interrupted from 1946 to 1948 when he was doing his military service. In 1962 he took over the professorship in surgery at the University of Sheffield , only to return as Regius Professor two years later. His specialty was gastroenterology. He worked with kidney specialist Richard Wood, who set up one of the first kidney transplant centers in the UK. In 1973 he was ennobled.
William George MB, BS, MS, CBE 1999 March 31, 2006 Before being appointed Regius Professor, George had taught at the university as a professor of surgery from 1981. Previously, his career had taken him to the University of Manchester from 1973-77 and later to the University of Liverpool .
not occupied March 31, 2006 2013
Andrew Victor Biankin Feb 25, 2013 The surgeon specializes in the treatment of cancers of the pancreas, for which he has various strategies.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Surgery (Regius Chair). The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i John Burns. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Burns, John . In: Leslie Stephen (Ed.): Dictionary of National Biography . Volume 7:  Brown - Burthogge. , MacMillan & Co, Smith, Elder & Co., New York City / London 1886 (English).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Joseph Lister Baron Lister. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Richard Cavendish: Lister pioneers antiseptic surgery in Glasgow . In: History Today , Volume 65, Issue 8, August 2015.
  6. ↑ a b c Lister, Joseph Lister, 1st Baron . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape  16 : L - Lord Advocate . London 1911, p. 777-779 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Sir William Macewen. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  8. ↑ a b c d e Obituary: Professor Sir Andrew Kay, MB ChB, FRCS, surgeon and Regius Professor of Surgery at Glasgow University, 1964-81 . In: The Scotsman , February 10, 2011; Obituary for Andrew Watt Kay.
  9. ↑ a b c James Lawrie. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  10. ↑ a b c The New Baronet. - Mr. Joseph Lister . In: The Times , December 31, 1883, Issue 31017, p. 7, column E.
  11. ↑ a b c d Sir George Husband Baird MacLeod. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g Archibald Young. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  13. ↑ a b c d e Sir Charles Illingworth. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  14. ↑ a b c d e f Sir Andrew Kay. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  15. ↑ a b c William George. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  16. ^ A b c Notice of the appointment of Andrew Victor Biankin as Regius Professor of Surgery at the University of Glasgow. In: London Gazette , February 8, 2013.
  17. ↑ Professor Andrew Biankin. The University of Glasgow Story; Retrieved November 29, 2017.