Giant pointed beak
| Giant pointed beak | ||||||||||||
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Giant Spitzschnabel ( Conirostrum binghami ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Conirostrum binghami | ||||||||||||
| ( FM Chapman , 1919) |
The giant conebill ( Conirostrum binghami , Syn. : Oreomanes fraseri ) is a bird art of the genus Conirostrum from the family of the Tanager (Thraupidae).
Appearance
The birds are colored gray on the back, the tail and the upper part of the wings are black. The belly and throat are reddish brown, the beak and legs are gray. They have a thick brown and a thin black stripe over their eyes. This means that the birds are well camouflaged in their natural environment. A noticeable feature is the large, white spot under the eyes. They grow up to 18 cm.
distribution
This species is common in South America , from Colombia to Bolivia .
habitat
He lives in the mountain forests of the Andes , where the tree species of the genus Polylepis decays, at an altitude of 3000 to 4000 meters.
Way of life
This species wanders around in small groups looking for insects on the bark of the trees. The birds have a very loud, twittering voice.
Reproduction
The female lays up to 2 eggs in an open nest in tall trees.
Danger
The IUCN classifies this species as Near Threatened (potentially endangered). The main threats are the deforestation of the mountain forests, fire, the conversion of the habitat into agricultural land and the afforestation with foreign tree species (e.g. eucalyptus). Reforestation with native tree species and control of logging serve as protective measures.
Etymology and history of research
Philip Lutley Sclater described the giant pointed beak as Oreomanes fraseri . The type specimen came from the Chimborazo volcano . The Greek word "oreimanēs ορειμανης " means "hectic hunter on high". It is made up of "oros, oreos ορος, ορεος " for "mountain" and "-manēs, mania, mainomai, -μανης, μανια, μαινομαι " for "passionately like, passion, raging". The specific epithet »fraseri« is dedicated to Louis Fraser (1819–1883), who set out for Panza south of the Chimborazo in January 1859 and collected the first hide of this species there. The species was later assigned to the genus Conirostrum , but because the name Conirostrum fraseri was already in use, the next possible younger name Conirostrum binghami would be chosen.
literature
- The great world empire of animals Publisher: Planet Media AG, Zug 1992 ISBN 3-8247-8614-1 page 376,377
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Philip Lutley Sclater: List of birds collected by Mr. Louis Fraser at Cuenca, Gualaquiza and Zamora, in the Republic of Ecuador . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 26 , no. 375 , 1858, pp. 449-461 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 30, 2014]).
- Philip Lutley Sclater: List of birds collected by Mr. Fraser in the vicinity of Quito, and during excursions to Pichincha and Chimborazo; with Notes and descriptions of new species . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 28 , no. 1 , 1860, p. 73-83 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed December 29, 2014]).
- François Vuilleumier: Patchy distribution and systematics of Oreomanes fraseri (Aves,? Coerebidae) of Andean Polylepis woodlands. In: American Museum novitates . No. 2777 , 1984, pp. 1–17 ( digitallibrary.amnh.org [PDF; 2.0 MB ; accessed on December 30, 2014]).
Web links
- Conirostrum binghami inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.3. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Giant Conebill ( Oreomanes fraseri ) . Retrieved December 29, 2014.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Giant Conebill (Oreomanes fraseri) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Giant Spitzschnabel ( Oreomanes fraseri ) at Avibase; accessed on December 29, 2014.
- Oreomanes fraseri in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Giant Conebill ( Oreomanes fraseri )