Sima
(3) Gable corner on the gable slope
As Sima (femininum from Greek σιμός Simos "bent up") refers to the existing clay or marble roof edge in the Greek and Roman architecture . The Sima sits above the Geison . Often curved in an S-shape, it could have very different profiles. Depending on the material used, it has artistic decorations in the form of painting or relief : tendril motifs, anthems and geometric ornaments with meanders , running dogs or braided bands , which were particularly widespread in archaic times . The sima of the archaic Temple of Artemis at Ephesus had a warrior frieze with horses and chariots. Tendril motifs were particularly popular in the classical period and in Hellenism .
The gable sima, i.e. the sima on the gable ends, consists of a curved, closed edge to prevent the rainwater from falling sideways. On the other hand, the rainwater is diverted from the roof at the eaves. While the water often fell in full width at the edge of the eaves at the beginning, it has usually been collected in a channel since the 6th century and discharged via evenly distributed gargoyles . Initially designed in the form of simple tubes, these have since the 5th century BC. Usually the shape of lion heads. The gargoyles were mostly in vertical relation to other components, so they could correspond , for example, with the volutes of the Ionic capitals .
Web links
literature
- Dieter Mertens : The temple of Segesta and the Doric temple architecture of the Greek west in classical times . Zabern, Mainz 1984, ISBN 3-8053-0515-X , p. 141 ff.
- Wolfgang Müller-Wiener : Greek construction in antiquity . CH Beck, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-406-32993-4 , pp. 50-51.