Robert Bourgeois
Joseph Émile Robert Bourgeois (born February 21, 1857 in Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines , † November 10, 1945 in Paris ) was a French general, politician and geographer.
Life
Bourgeois studied at the École polytechnique (admitted in 1876) and was from 1908 to 1929 as the successor to Henri Poincaré professor of astronomy and geodesy at the École polytechnique. He was also a career officer. From 1911 to 1919 he headed the cartographic service of the French army. He became brigadier general in 1912, led a division in 1915 and was in the artillery in 1918, where he organized, among other things, military observation units. a. based on the acoustic methods of Pierre-Ernest Weiss and Aimé Cotton (1869–1951).
From 1901 to 1906 he led an expedition of the French Academy of Sciences ( Académie des sciences ) and the cartographic department of the French army to measure longitude in Quito in South America as first lieutenant . He was assisted by Georges Perrier, his successor in this office (and the son of his predecessor François Perrier ).
From 1920 to 1945 he was President of the French National Committee for Cartography. From 1928 to 1931 he was President of the International Geographical Union . In 1921 he received the gold medal from the Royal Geographical Society . In 1917 he was elected to the Académie des Sciences, of which he was president in 1932. From 1920 to 1936 he was a French Senator (for the Haut-Rhin department ) and he was also Vice-President of the Senate. He was also Mayor of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines from 1919 to 1924 . He headed a state commission for the establishment of the Institute for Theoretical and Applied Optics ( SupOptique , Institut d'optique théorique et appliquée) and was its first president.
With Philipp Furtwängler he wrote the article "Cartography" in the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences .
The French polar explorer Jean-Baptiste Charcot named the Bourgeois Fjord in Antarctica after him.
Web links
- Biography (french)
- Literature by and about Robert Bourgeois in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bourgeois, Robert |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bourgeois, Joseph Émile Robert (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French geographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 21, 1857 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 10, 1945 |
| Place of death | Paris |