Pierre-Ernest Weiss

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Pierre-Ernest Weiss

Pierre-Ernest Weiss (sometimes white in German spelling , born March 25, 1865 in Mulhouse , † October 24, 1940 in Lyon ) was a French physicist .

biography

In 1887, Pierre-Ernest Weiss completed his engineering studies at the Zurich Polytechnic as the best in his class. The following year he went to the École normal supérieure in Paris. In France he began to study physics and in 1896 did his doctorate on "the magnetization of crystallized magnetite and some iron and antimony alloys". A year earlier (1895) he went to the University of Rennes, in 1899 to that of Lyon and in 1902 he was appointed to the Polytechnic in Zurich. There he was given a laboratory to study magnetic phenomena. In 1908 he was a co-founder of the Swiss Physical Society . In 1919 he became head of the Physics Institute at the University of Strasbourg . In 1926 he became a member of the Academy of Sciences in Paris. In 1937 he was accepted as a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences .

Weiss laid the foundations for para- and ferromagnetism and for the temperature dependence of magnetization. He discovered the Weiss domains and the quantum properties of the magnetic moments ( magnetons ) in atoms. He also developed the Curie law of Pierre Curie on to him mitbenannten Curie-Weiss law . With his friend Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , he studied magnetism at very low temperatures.

Works

His most important publication was Le magnétisme in 1926.

Web links

Commons : Pierre-Ernest Weiss  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pierre Weiss: Recherches sur l'aimantation de la magnétite cristallisée et de quelques alliages de fer et d'antimoine . Thèses Sciences physiques Faculté des Sciences de Paris 1896. G. Carré, Paris 1896 (French, exlibrisgroup.com ).
  2. ^ List of former members since 1666: Letter W. Académie des sciences, accessed on March 14, 2020 (French).
  3. ^ Past Members: Pierre E. Weiss (1865–1940). Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences, accessed March 14, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Weiss, Pierre-Ernest
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French physicist
DATE OF BIRTH March 25, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Mulhouse
DATE OF DEATH October 24, 1940
Place of death Lyon