Rofecoxib

Structural formula
General
Non-proprietary name	Rofecoxib
other names	4- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] phenylfuran-2 (5 H ) -one
Molecular formula	C 17 H 14 O 4 S
External identifiers / databases
EC number	803-260-0
ECHA InfoCard	100.230.077
PubChem	5090
DrugBank	DB00533
Wikidata	Q411412
Drug information
ATC code	M01 AH02
Drug class	nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug , COX-2 inhibitor
Mechanism of action	selective inhibition of COX-2
properties
Molar mass	314.36 g · mol -1
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302
	P: ?
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Rofecoxib is the generic name of a drug which is a selective COX-2 inhibitor (abbreviation: coxib ) acts. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used similar to celecoxib in the treatment of rheumatic diseases and pain . It was marketed by the US pharmaceutical company MSD Sharp & Dohme (MSD) under the trade name Vioxx ^® .

In Germany , Vioxx represented the company's top-selling product with around 20% of national group sales. MSD achieved global market leadership for COX-2 inhibitors ( coxibs ) with Vioxx and recently achieved total sales of 2.5 billion US dollars .

marketing

The approval by the American health authority FDA for tablets and the oral suspension was granted on May 20, 1999.

On September 30, 2004, the group announced that it would immediately take Vioxx off the market because of a new long-term study that had classified side effects of the drug that had previously been neglected as serious. This study showed an almost doubled rate of cardiovascular diseases , especially heart attacks , unstable angina pectoris and strokes, compared to a placebo after 18 months . For this reason, the study had to be terminated prematurely.

Claims for damages against the manufacturer were threatened: since the drug was withdrawn from the market by March 2006, almost 10,000 lawsuits had been brought against MSD. In the first trial in this matter, which in the summer of 2005 in Angleton ( Texas took place), a voice- jury to the widow of an alleged Vioxx victim 253 million dollars to. The man had suffered a fatal heart attack after eight months of continuous use of the drug. After two further court cases in which it was about heart attacks resulting in death after taking the drug, the court acquitted MSD.

indication

Vioxx has been used to treat osteoarthritis , osteoarthritis , rheumatoid arthritis , acute pain in adults, and primary dysmenorrhea . At the beginning of September 2004, the US health authority FDA extended the approval of the drug to the treatment of children aged two and over.

literature

C. Bombardier et al .: Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. In: N. Engl. J. Med. , 2000, 343 (21), pp. 1520-1528, PMID 11087881 , nejm.org (PDF; English)
Thomas Nesi: Poison Pills: The Untold Story of the Vioxx Drug Scandal , St. Martin's Press 2008
William F. McIntyre and Gerald Evans: The Vioxx® legacy: Enduring lessons from the not so distant past . In: Cardiology Journal . tape 21 , no. 2 , 2014, p. 203–205 , doi : 10.5603 / CJ.2014.0029 ( viamedica.pl [accessed on March 22, 2020]).

Web links

Cardiovascular side effects are a class effect of all coxibs: consequences for your future prescription (from the ADR database)
Why the disaster was not prevented . ( Memento from October 11, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) In: Financial Times Deutschland

Individual evidence

↑ There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of 4- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] -3-phenylfuran-2 (5H) -one in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on July 12, 2020, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .

^ Letter from the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) to Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania, dated May 20, 1999 ( PDF ).

↑ VIOXX ^® Internet presence of Merck & Co. ( Memento of the original dated September 29, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2

↑ APPROVe: A denomatous P olyp Pr even tion on V IOXX-Studi e - study of adenomatous polyps prevention of VIOXX

↑ Roxanne Khamsi: Painkiller verdict shows mistrust of Merck . In: Nature , 2005, 436, 1070, doi: 10.1038 / 4361070a .

↑ Make or break time in Vioxx drama . In: Nature , 2006, 440, 277, doi: 10.1038 / 440277a .

^ Review by Daniel H. Solomon. In: J Clin Invest. , Volume 119, 2009, p. 427, PMC 2648690 (free full text)

[1] Template: CL Inventory / not harmonized There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of 4- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] -3-phenylfuran-2 (5H) -one in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on July 12, 2020, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .

[2] Letter from the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) to Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania, dated May 20, 1999 ( PDF ).