Roger I. de Tosny

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Roger I. de Tosny († 1040 ) is a member of the Tosny family . He took part in the Reconquista , which is why Ordericus Vitalis also calls him Roger of Spain ( Roger d'Espagne ).

biography

In 1013 Roger and his father Raoul I. de Tosny were the commanders of the castle of Tillières on behalf of Duke Richard II of Normandy . A few years later, Raoul and Roger had to leave the country for some unknown reason. While the father went to Italy and fought in Puglia , Roger turned to Spain, where he supported the fight against the Muslims. On behalf of Ermesende , the ruling widow of the county of Barcelona after the death of Count Raimund Borrell , he competed against the Muslim ruler Musetus , who threatened the county. Roger married the countess' daughter and managed to conquer a number of Muslim cities and castles.

Ademar von Chabannes reports that Roger acquired the name Maurenfresser in the process: every day he had a prisoner killed and cut in two - one part was boiled and given to the other prisoners to eat, the other part Roger took with him, supposedly for him to eat yourself. Subsequently, some prisoners were given the opportunity to escape so that they could report on Roger's atrocities.

Roger's Catalan wedding is not assured. Gotelina / Godehildis, Roger's wife known by name, was not Spanish, but it is also not clear whether she was his first wife. Before 1024, Roger and his father were given permission by Duke Richard II to return. His father died shortly afterwards.

Roger de Tosny is the founder of Conches-en-Ouche . He had the Sainte-Foy church built here (before 1026), later the Saint-Pierre de Castillon Abbey in Conches (around 1035), where he settled monks from the Trinity Abbey (La Trinité) of Fécamp - this monastery is one of the founding of one Barons in Normandy, who carried out an act that was previously done on the initiative of the Duke. The deed of foundation reminds us that Mr. von Tosny owned an extensive property around Conches.

In 1035, Duke Robert I died and a troubled time began for the duchy. Wars broke out between aristocratic families, and Roger de Tosny, whose relations with his neighbors seem to have been difficult before, was a key player. The Norman chroniclers report that Herr von Tosny refused to serve the new and still underage Duke Wilhelm II on the pretext that he was illegitimate. He certainly profited from the weakness of the central government and plundered the estates of his neighbors, especially those of Onfroi de Vieilles , who set his son Roger de Beaumont on the march. In 1040 Roger I. de Tosny and his two eldest sons were killed in battle. Robert de Grandmesnil , an ally of Tosny's, died a few weeks later of his injuries.

The Tosny family now had to make peace with their neighbors. Roger's widow Gotelina / Godehildis was married to Count Richard von Évreux .

progeny

literature

  • Lucien Musset : Aux origines d'une classe dirigeante: les Tosny, grands barons normands du Xe au XIIe siècle. Reprint from: Francia Research on Western European History. Munich 1978, pp. 45-80.
  • Elisabeth Van Houts: The Normans in Europe. Manchester University Press, Manchester 2000. (Excerpts online)

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Chronique d'Adhémar de Chabanais. éd. J. Chavanon, Paris 1897, pp. 178-179.
  2. ↑ Lucien Musset, p. 53.
  3. ↑ The consecration of the church is connected with the abbey of Sainte-Foy de Conques in the Rouergue , where Roger probably stayed on his way to and from Spain. Lucien Musset believes that Conches is nothing more than a translation of Conques into the Langue d'oïl .
  4. ^ Wilhelm von Jumièges , Ordericus Vitalis , Robert von Torigni : Histoire des Normands. éd. Guizot, Paris 1826, pp. 169-170.
personal data
SURNAME Roger I. de Tosny
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roger d'Espagne; Roger de Conches
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mr. von Tosny
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century
DATE OF DEATH 1040