Robert I (Normandy)
Robert I , called "the Great" ( French : le Magnifique ), (* between 1002 and 1010; † July 22, 1035 in Nicaea , Byzantine Empire ) was Duke of Normandy from 1027 to 1035 and father of William the Conqueror , the 1066 became king of England and founded the Norman dynasty there, which was to end with Wilhelm's sons.
origin
Robert came from the Rollonid dynasty and was a son of Richard II , called the Good, Duke of Normandy (996-1026) and Judith of Bretagne (* 982, † 1017).
Life
After the death of his brother Richard III. , who ruled from 1026 to 1027 as the 3rd Duke of Normandy, succeeded him in 1027 as the 4th Duke Robert. He stood by the French King Henry I when he defended his throne against his brother and mother . For this Robert received the area of the Vexin .
He also got involved in Flanders politics, founded monasteries and supported King Edward of England , to whom he later even granted temporary asylum.
In 1035 he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem . He died on the way in Nicaea.
Marriage and offspring
Robert was married to Princess Estrid of Denmark . The marriage remained childless.
The following children emerged from the Friedelehe with the tanner's daughter Herleva :
- William the Conqueror (William II as Duke of Normandy and William I as King of England) (1027–1087) ⚭ 1051 Mathilde of Flanders
- Adelheid (Adela) (1030-1082) ⚭ 1st Count Enguerrand II of Ponthieu-Aumale († 1053) | ⚭ 2. Count Lambert von Lens-Aumale († 1054 fallen) | ⚭ 3rd Count Odo II of Meaux, Troyes and Aumale († after 1118)
Herleva and her family gained reputation and wealth through their association with Robert. Shortly after the birth of the second child, she was married to Robert's friend and feudal husband, Count Herluin von Conteville , in 1031 .
After Robert's death in 1035, his son took over the succession to the throne as Wilhelm II and with it the reign of Normandy. William was to end Anglo-Saxon rule in England in 1066 and become the island's first Norman king.
Legend
To get rid of the curse that he was consecrated to the devil before he was born , a holy hermit suggested that Robert take a vow of silence and accept his food from a dog. In the course of his life Robert acquired the nicknames Robert the Magnificent and Robert the Devil .
Some motifs from the legend included in the 1831 opera premiered le diable Robert of Giacomo Meyerbeer one.
Robert Le Diable castle is attributed to Robert .
Web links
- Biography on www.fmg.ac (English)
- Robert I, 6th Duc de Normandie on thepeerage.com , accessed July 26, 2015.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Richard III |
Duke of Normandy 1027-1035 |
Wilhelm II. |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Robert I. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Robert the Magnificent; Robert the devil |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | norman duke |
| DATE OF BIRTH | between 1002 and 1010 |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 22, 1035 |
| Place of death | Nicaea , Turkey |