Roger de Clifford, 2nd Baron de Clifford

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Clifford's Tower, the keep of York Castle, where Roger de Clifford was executed in 1322

Roger de Clifford, 2nd Baron de Clifford (born January 21 or February 2, 1300 , † March 23, 1322 in York ) was an English magnate and rebel.

Roger was the eldest son of Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford, and Maud de Clare , the eldest daughter of Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond . When his father died at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314 , he was still a minor. Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere became his guardian . His mother was kidnapped by another nobleman in 1315 and, after her liberation, married Robert de Welles , one of her saviors.

When Clifford came of age around 1320, he was able to inherit his father's rich inheritance, which included extensive holdings in northern England, particularly the Westmorland reign . He was probably also a rebel against the king through his guardian Badlesmere, who had joined the rebellion against King Edward II after the Despenser War in 1321 . However, the king managed to crush the rebellion led by Thomas of Lancaster, 2nd Earl of Lancaster . Clifford fled to northern England with Lancaster and Badlesmere. At Boroughbridge they were placed by a royal army under Clifford's former vassal Andrew Harclay . After the following battle at Boroughbridge , Clifford was wounded and taken prisoner. He was taken to York by Harclay and hanged as a traitor.

Roger had remained unmarried. His possessions were confiscated by the king, who gave some of them to his favorite Hugh le Despenser . After the fall of King Edward II, Roger's younger brother Robert got it back in 1327. The Keep of York Castle is Clifford's Tower called, possibly because Clifford was hung from the battlements of the tower.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Henry Summerson: Clifford, Robert, first Lord Clifford (1274-1314). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
  2. ^ Natalie Fryde: The tyranny and fall of Edward II, 1321-1326 . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003, ISBN 0-521-54806-3 , p. 116
  3. ^ History of York: Clifford's Tower. Retrieved January 6, 2016 .
personal data
SURNAME De Clifford, Roger, 2nd Baron de Clifford
ALTERNATIVE NAMES De Clifford, Roger
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English nobleman and rebel
DATE OF BIRTH January 21, 1300 or February 2, 1300
DATE OF DEATH March 23, 1322
Place of death York Castle