Roland of Parma

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Roland von Parma , Italian Rolando da Parma , latinized Rolandus Parmensis , also called Rolando (detto) dei Capezutti (* 2nd half of the 12th century, † between 1240 and 1250), was an Italian surgeon from Parma .

Life

Roland attended the medical school in Parma, where he was introduced to the reception of Avicenna's canon of medicine by Guido de Arezzo the Younger . He commented (with his additions ) on the surgery of his teacher Roger Frugardi and moved to Bologna at the beginning of the 13th century , where he acquired citizenship. There he gave medical lessons and revised Frugardi's work with the influence of Avicenna around 1240, which was subsequently called (Chirurgia) Rolandina . He added his own font Libellus de chirurgia to the revision . This established the tradition of minor surgery . In the school of Salerno the Rolandina was compulsory reading after 1250.

Roland's pathological structural principle, which he used alongside Frugardi's anatomical arrangement of materials, was significant. Gundolf Keil also rates his illustrations as important.

With Hugo von Lucca , Theodorich von Cervia and Wilhelm von Saliceto , Roland von Parma founded the Bolognese School of Surgery.

Aftermath

The Rolandina is included as a guiding text in the Vier-Meister-Glosses compilation . The local language reception of Roland's writings began around 1300.

literature

  • Rolandus Parmensis: The Surgery of Roland of Parma . Xlibris, 2002, ISBN 978-1-4010-6385-6 (English translation of the Italian translation (1965) of the Latin original).
  • Luigi Stroppiana, Dario Spallone (ed. And transl.): Rolando da Parma, Chirurgia (Cod. Vat. Lat. 4473). Rome 1964.
  • Charles Daremberg (ed.): Glosulae quatuor magistrorum super Chirurgiam Rogerii et Rolandi. In: Salvatore de Renzi , C. Daremberg, GET Henschel : Collectio Salernitana, ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica salernitana. , IV, Tipografia del Filiatre-Sebezio, Naples 1852-1859; Reprint Bologna 1967 (= Bibliotheca di storia della medicina , II, 1-5), volume 2, pp. 497-724.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Gundolf Keil: Roland of Parma. In: Werner E. Gerabek (Hrsg.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter , Berlin / New York 2007. ISBN 978-3110976946 . P. 1263.
  2. ^ Gundolf Keil: Roger Frugardi. In: Burghart Wachinger (ed.): The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon . 2nd ed., Vol. 8 (1992), Col. 143 f.
  3. ↑ Ernst Kern : Seeing - Thinking - Acting of a surgeon in the 20th century. ecomed, Landsberg am Lech 2000, ISBN 3-609-20149-5 , p. 251.
  4. ↑ See also Alberto Lodispoto (transl.): Brevi glosse dei quattro maestri sulla chirurgia di Ruggero e Rolando. Rome 1961.
personal data
SURNAME Roland of Parma
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rolandus Parmensis (Latinized)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION medieval Parmesian medic
DATE OF BIRTH 12th century or 13th century
DATE OF DEATH 13th Century