Red-bellied spring monkey
| Red-bellied spring monkey | ||||||||||||
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| Plecturocebus moloch | ||||||||||||
| ( Hoffmannsegg , 1807) |
The red-bellied spring monkey ( Plecturocebus moloch , Syn .: Callicebus moloch ) is a primate species from the subfamily of the spring monkeys within the family of the sakia monkeys (Pitheciidae).
features
Like all spring monkeys, the red-bellied jumper are relatively small primates with thick fur. The average head trunk length is 33 centimeters, the weight varies between 700 and 1200 grams, with males being slightly heavier than females. The fur is gray on the top of the head, on the back, on the flanks and on the outside of the limbs, the belly and the inside contrast strongly with a reddish-orange color. The tail is longer than the body and bushy, it cannot be used as a pronging tail. It is gray in color, but the rear half becomes white. The head is round and small, there is a conspicuous, beard-like orange hair on the cheeks and throat.
distribution and habitat
Red-bellied jumper monkeys are among the most widespread jumper monkeys, they live in the eastern Amazon basin in Brazil in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso . Their range is limited in the north by the Amazon , in the west by the Rio Tapajós and in the east by the Rio Tocantins . In the middle of the distribution area of the red-bellied spring monkey is the habitat of the Vieira spring monkey ( Plecturocebus vieirai ). Whether both species occur together or whether there is a gap in the range of the red-bellied jumper is unknown, as is the exact limits of the range between the two rivers. The habitat of the red-bellied juggler monkey consists of forests, often near rivers.
Lifestyle and diet
Red-bellied spring monkeys are diurnal and mostly stay in the trees. In the branches they move on all fours, sometimes they jump. They live in family groups consisting of a male, a female and their offspring. The partners are monogamous , they often stay together for life. The groups live in fixed territories. With morning duets by both partners, conspecifics from outside the group are made aware of their own territory, and if necessary it is defended aggressively.
These animals feed mainly on fruits. To a lesser extent, they also consume leaves, saplings and other parts of plants, as well as insects.
Reproduction
After a gestation period of around 160 days, the female gives birth to a single young. After a few days, the father takes on the main responsibility for the boy, he carries it around and leaves it to the mother only to suckle. It is weaned after around five months, but then remains in the birthing group before leaving it.
Danger
In parts of their range, the red-bellied jumper monkeys suffer from the destruction of their habitat by clearing forests and mining. Overall, however, according to the IUCN , the species is not endangered ( least concern ).
Systematics
The red-bellied spring monkey is one of around 30 species of the subfamily of spring monkeys (Callicebinae). He is named after the juggernaut group of species, it is medium-sized, mostly gray colored animals that live in the eastern Amazon basin. This group includes a. nor the Baptistasee jumper monkey , the Prince Bernhard jumper monkey , the brown jumper monkey , the dark gray jumper monkey and the Hoffmanns jumper monkey .
literature
- Thomas Geissmann : Comparative Primatology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2003, ISBN 3-540-43645-6 .
- Marc GM van Roosmalen, Tomas van Roosmalen and Russell A. Mittermeier: A Taxonomic Review of the Titi Monkeys, Genus "Callicebus" Thomas 1903, with the description of two new species: "Callicebus bernhardi" and "Callicebus stepehnnashi", from Brazilian Amazonia . In: Neotropical Primates. 10, ISSN 1413-4703 , 2002, pp. 1-52, PDF .
- Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
supporting documents
- ↑ a b Stephen F. Ferrari, Liza M. Veiga †, Liliam P. Pinto, Laura K. Marsh, Russell A. Mittermeier & Anthony B. Rylands: Family Pitheciidae (Titis, Sakis and Uacaris) in Russell A. Mittermeier , Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson : Handbook of the Mammals of the World: - Volume 3. Primates. Lynx Editions, 2013 ISBN 978-8496553897 , page 463 and 464.
- ^ IUCN entry
