Ruben Bierer
Ruben Bierer (also: Reuben , Rubin ; born May 10, 1835 in Lemberg , Austrian Empire ; died December 5, 1931 , Lwów, Poland ) was an Austrian surgeon and Zionist . He was a doctor in Sofia and one of the first pioneers of Jewish nationalism as well as one of the first active Zionists in Galicia and Bulgaria , a member of the Chowewe Zion in Galicia, Austria and Bulgaria.
Life
In 1867 he was a co-founder of the first Jewish-political association Austria-Hungary , "Shomer Israel"; as an opponent of Polish assimilation , he brought about a Jewish-Ruthenian electoral alliance for the Reichsrat elections of 1873; 1878 convocation of the first Galician-Jewish community day; 1879 Separation from "Shomer Israel", which increasingly represented assimilation, and moved to Vienna for medical studies , where he also - with Peretz Smolenskin - endeavored to create a Jewish-political association - "Ahawath Zion" (Ahavat Zion , religiously oriented society for colonization in Palestine)
In 1882 he was a co-founder of the Vienna Kadimah (student union) , in 1883 he returned to Lviv, where he founded the first national Jewish association in Eastern Austria, “Mikra Kodesch”, and organized the first “Maccabees celebration” in Galicia.
In 1885 he moved to Serbia , in 1900 he returned to Lviv, where he reactivated the “Shomer Israel” in a Jewish-national sense, but with little success, after which he soon withdrew completely from public life.
In 1880 he published Die Culturmission in Jerusalem in the Jewish-national sense (in it the demand for Hebrew as the language of instruction as well as the demand for a national Jewish curriculum in general).
Ruben Bierer's son was Josef Samuel (Joshua) Bierer, who later became a Zionist leader in Bukovina.
Conceptual history of "Zionism"
It is undisputed that Nathan Birnbaum coined the term “ Zionism ” (derived from “Zion”, the name of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem) around 1890. But Birnbaum is not the creator of this term, the term was already in use, e.g. B. In a letter from Ruben Bierer dated December 9, 1888, there is the expression "Zionist brotherly greeting"; "Zionist" can be found in a brochure written in Romanian as early as 1877 (annual report of the "Zion" order in Bucharest).
literature
- Susanne Blumesberger, Michael Doppelhofer, Gabriele Mauthe: Handbook of Austrian authors of Jewish origin from the 18th to the 20th century . Volume 1: A-I. Edited by the Austrian National Library. Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11545-8 , p. 121.
- Bierer, Rubin , in: Encyclopaedia Judaica , Volume 4, 1972, Col. 984-985
- Bierer, Ruben , in: Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography . Volume 2. Chernivtsi, 1927, p. 375
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Kühntopf-Gentz : Nathan Birnbaum. Biography , Univ. Dissertation Tübingen 1990
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bierer, Ruben |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bierer, Reuben |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian surgeon and Zionist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 10, 1835 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lviv |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 5, 1931 |
| Place of death | Lviv |