Southern tooth spinner

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Southern tooth spinner
Southern tooth spinner (Drymonia velitaris)

Southern tooth spinner ( Drymonia velitaris )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Toothed Moth (Notodontidae)
Subfamily : Notodontinae
Genre : Drymonia (tooth spinner)
Type : Southern tooth spinner
Scientific name
Drymonia velitaris
( Hufnagel , 1766)
Preparation of a female moth of the southern tooth spinner ( Drymonia velitaris )

The southern toothed spinner ( Drymonia velitaris ), formerly also known as the oak smooth-edged spinner , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of toothed spinners (Notodontidae). A synonym of the species is Ochrostigma velitaris .

features

Imago

The moths reach a wingspan of 30 to 40 millimeters. They have wings colored in different shades of brown. The forewings have the scaled tooth typical of most species of tooth moth on the inner edge. The root base of the forewings is lightened in beige and is bordered by a double arch. This double arch differentiates the butterfly from the otherwise similar species of the unspotted toothed spinner ( Drymonia dodonaea ), dark gray toothed spinner ( Drymonia ruficornis ), white banded toothed spinner ( Drymonia querna ) and Schwarzeck toothed spinner ( Drymonia obliterata ). The palps are short, the trunk withered. The antennae of the males are double combed to the tip, those of the females are slightly serrated. The thorax has an upright head of hair and a slightly smaller one on the abdomen. This is hairy close-fitting.

egg

The egg is spherical and whitish in color.

Caterpillar

The adult caterpillars are slender, without bumps and yellow-green. They have four yellow stripes on the back, made up of individual spots, and a wide, red-lined foot stripe.

Doll

The pupa is red-brown in color and has short terminal spines.

Similar species

Occurrence

In Central Europe, the species is only locally distributed and rare almost everywhere. It occurs in different habitats where its forage crops grow, such as B. in oak bush areas, oak forests and warm and sandy heathland areas .

Way of life

The nocturnal moths fly mainly from late May to early July and in warm places in a second generation in August and September. You are flying towards artificial light sources . When at rest they keep the wings roof-shaped. The caterpillar can be found from July to September and, when not eating, is sluggish and sits quietly on the petiole. It pupates in a loose web on the ground. The overwintering takes place in the pupal stage. The pupa hibernates twice occasionally.

Food of the caterpillars

The caterpillars mainly feed on the leaves of oak ( Quercus ) or poplar ( Populus ). They prefer bushes. They can be easily reared from bushes with younger oak leaves.

Hazard and protection

In Germany the species is protected according to category 2 (endangered), in the federal states of Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony according to category 1.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 3: Weirdos and Swarmers. (Bombyces and Sphinges). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1960, DNB 456642196 .
  2. ↑ a b c Manfred Koch : We determine butterflies. Volume 2: Bears, Spinners, Swarmers and Drills in Germany. 2nd, expanded edition. Neumann, Radebeul / Berlin 1964, DNB 452481929 .

literature

  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 3: Weirdos and Swarmers. (Bombyces and Sphinges). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1960, DNB 456642196 .
  • Helmut Modl, Vienna: Breeding experience with Ochrostigma velitaris Hufn. (Lep., Notodontidae) Steyrer Entomologenrunde 22 (1988): pp. 54-55.

Web links

Commons : Southern tooth spinner ( Drymonia velitaris )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files