SADS

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SADS ( . English : swine acute diarrhea syndrome , " acute diarrhea - syndrome of pigs ") is a first time in October 2016 in the People's Republic of China occurred viral infection of domestic pigs. In April 2018, a previously unknown virus from the Coronaviridae family called "swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus" (SADS-CoV) was described as the cause of the diarrheal disease, which is particularly fatal for very young piglets . A verification procedure had already been established two months earlier .

Pathogen

SADS-CoV is an enveloped , single-stranded RNA virus with positive polarity and consists of around 27,200 nucleotides . It is 95 percent identical to the Rhinolophus Bat coronavirus HKU2 (RH-BAT-Cov-HKU2, subgenus Rhinacovirus ), an (alpha) coronavirus of the horseshoe bat . SADS-CoV comes to According to analysis from the same bat - reservoir of pathogens like the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV, Beta coronavirus - subgenus Sarbecovirus ), the cause of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the SARS pandemic in 2002/2003 was based. Indeed, “striking similarities between the SADS and SARS outbreaks in geographical, temporal, ecological and etiological terms” have been demonstrated. SADS-CoV is 98.48% identical to a coronavirus isolated from horseshoe bat excrement, the index cases of the SADS and SARS outbreaks occurred at a distance of only 100 kilometers from each other.

Occur

Both SADS and SARS first appeared in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong . At the turn of the year 2016/2017, almost 25,000 piglets in Guangdong had died as a result of a previously unknown diarrhea. Afterwards, SADS-CoV was detected in a total of four pig holdings near the southern Chinese city of Qingyuan . The piglets died from watery diarrhea and vomiting within two to six days of the first appearance of the disease. The death rate in piglets aged five days and younger was 90 percent of those affected, and in piglets aged eight days and over the death rate was only 5 percent. By quickly culling and separating sick piglets and sows (for whom the virus is not fatal) from healthy animals, the infection process was spatially limited and ended by May 2017.

Farm workers who had been in contact with infected animals showed no signs of SADS-CoV infection.

See also

literature

  • Lang Gong, Jie Li, et al. : A New Bat-HKU2-like Coronavirus in Swine, China, 2017. In: Emerging Infectious Diseases. Volume 23, No. 9, 2017, doi: 10.3201 / eid2309.170915

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b New coronavirus emerges from bats in China, devastates young swine. Announcement from the National Institutes of Health on nih.gov dated April 4, 2018
  2. ↑ a b Peng Zhou, Hang Fan et al. : Fatal swine acute diarrhea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin. In: Nature . Advance online publication of April 4, 2018, doi: 10.1038 / s41586-018-0010-9
  3. ↑ Ling Zhou, Yuan Sun et al. : Development of a TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of SADS-CoV associated with severe diarrhea disease in pigs. In: Journal of Virological Methods. Volume 255, 2018, pp. 66–70, doi: 10.1016 / j.jviromet.2018.02.002