SMS Oldenburg (1884)
.svg){kind=small}
|
||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| Ship data | ||
| Construction designation | Ironclad E | |
| Ship type | Armored Corvette Casemate Ship |
|
| Ship class | Oldenburg class | |
| Keel laying : | 1883 | |
| Launching ( ship christening ): | December 20, 1884 | |
| Builder: |
AG Vulcan in Stettin Building number: 132 |
|
| Crew: | 389 men | |
| Building-costs: | 8.885 million gold marks | |
| Technical specifications | ||
| Displacement : | Construction: 5,249 t Maximum: 5,743 t |
|
| Length: |
KWL : 78.4 m over all: 79.8 m |
|
| Width: | 18 m | |
| Draft : | 6.3 m | |
| Boiler system: | 8 horizontal cylinder steam boilers with coal firing | |
| Machinery: | 2 horizontal 4-cylinder double expansion steam engines |
|
| Number of screws: | 2 three-leaf Ø 4.5 m | |
| Shaft speed: | 90.5 / min | |
| Power: | 3,900 PSi | |
| Top speed: | 14 kn | |
| Driving distance: | 1,370 nm at 10 kn | |
| Fuel supply: | approx. 450 tons of coal | |
| Armor | ||
| Belt armor: | upper layer: 200 - 300 mm lower layer: 180 - 250 mm |
|
| Deck: | 30 mm | |
| Front command post: | horizontal: 25 mm vertical: 50 mm |
|
| Aft command post: | horizontal: 12 mm vertical: 15 mm |
|
| Casemates: | 150-200 mm | |
| Armament | ||
| 24 cm Rk L / 30: | 8th | |
| 15 cm Rk L / 22: | 4 (temporarily) | |
| 8.7 cm Rk L / 24: | 2 to 8 | |
| 5 cm Sk L / 40: | 6 fast charging (as a replacement for 6 × Rk 8.7 cm) |
|
| Torpedo tubes (Ø 35 cm): |
1 bow, 2 sides, 1 stern | |
| Commanders | ||
The SMS Oldenburg was the first ship built from steel in Germany, an armored ship of the imperial navy designed from the outset without a sail rigging and designed for coastal protection .
Construction and technical data
The Oldenburg was launched on December 20, 1884 at AG Vulcan in Stettin . The baptism was carried out by the Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg, who later became Grand Duke Friedrich August . After the tank corvettes of Saxony , Bavaria , Baden , Württemberg and Hansa (for the Hanseatic cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Lübeck), the Grand Duchy was now also symbolically represented in the Navy. The Oldenburg was a casemate ship 80 m long, 18 m wide, 6.3 m draft, and 5,250 tons of water displacement, armed with eight 24 cm and two 8.7 cm ring cannons . It was the first warship in Germany made entirely of steel.
Six of the eight 24 cm guns were located in the armored casemate, with the front and rear guns on each side being able to fire forward and aft through retraction in the hull. The remaining two heavy artillery pieces were broadside on the upper deck above the casemate. The maximum speed of the ship was 14 knots, the crew numbered 389 men.
history
The ship, known in the navy as the "iron" because of its bulky shape, was already out of date when it was completed, but had relatively good seaworthiness. His service time in the fleet was constantly interrupted by decommissioning. Since it was not suitable for overseas duty due to its limited radius of action of only 800 nm, it was usually on guard duty, first off Kiel and then off Wilhelmshaven. In August 1889 it was part of a squadron with which the young Kaiser Wilhelm II visited Great Britain; the Grandmother of the Emperor, Queen Victoria of Great Britain, was also present at the parade of the squadron at Spithead . At the turn of the year 1891/92 there were violent disputes among the occupants on the Oldenburg , which were punished by a court martial.
1897 saw the armored corvette, now known as the Panzerschiff III. Class classified, their greatest use. Due to a general lack of ships in the Imperial Navy, she was sent to the Mediterranean during the Greek-Turkish conflict over Crete - the majority Christian population had revolted against the Ottoman-Turkish rule on the island and demanded the connection to Greece . Already in the Bay of Biscay she ran out of coal, so that the Spanish port El Ferrol had to be called. Due to its size and construction, it was unsuitable for its task on Crete - representing a great power - as the other sea powers (Great Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, Russia and Italy) had sent ships of the line. On January 7, 1898, the Oldenburg, together with the units of the other great powers, disembarked a landing corps in the port of Kanea, today's Chania in the Sudabucht, supposedly protecting German interests. But as early as March the imperial government decided to withdraw from the "Greek quarrels" and the ship was recalled.
On the return voyage, the Oldenburg was surprisingly detached to Lisbon , again due to the shortage of ships in the Imperial Navy, where Vasco da Gama celebrated the 400th anniversary of the discovery of the sea route to India in 1498. In an international boat regatta of the naval units gathered in Lisbon, two cutters from the Oldenburg won first place, which earned the ship a visit from the Portuguese King Charles I and a telegram of commendation from Kaiser Wilhelm II on May 17, 1898 .
Back in Germany, the Oldenburg stranded in a snowstorm off Bülk on March 22, 1899 and could only be towed free after the guns and ammunition had been surrendered. On April 23 of the same year it was decommissioned in Wilhelmshaven - this time for good. After the final decommissioning on January 13, 1912, she served as a target ship . She was stranded in May 1913 during a storm in the Flensburg Fjord . It is unclear when it was towed free again, at least the Hulk was broken up in Wilhelmshaven in the course of 1919.
The Oldenburg was due to their peculiar design a kind of rarity in shipbuilding. In 1998, the marine painter Olaf Rahardt from Rudolstadt and the model maker Günther Seher from Osnabrück started to reconstruct the tank corvette. The result was an oil painting and a model of the Oldenburg well over a meter long , showing it in its original black and yellow paint.
Commanders
(in the interim periods the ship was decommissioned)
| May to September 1886 | Sea captain Karl Eduard Heusner |
| September to December 1886 | Corvette Captain Max Plüddemann |
| May to October 1887 | Sea captain Wilhelm Stubenrauch |
| May 1889 | Sea captain Franz Kuhn |
| May to September 1889 | Sea captain Ernst Aschmann |
| September 11, 1889 to September 21, 1891 | Corvette captain / captain at sea Friedrich von Wietersheim |
| September 22, 1891 to August 3, 1892 | Sea captain Alfred Herz |
| October 1897 to April 1899 | Corvette captain / sea captain Bernhard Wahrendorff |
literature
- Alfred G. Nagel: "Oldenburg". Three generations of warships , Hamburg 1913.
- Keyword: Panzerkorvette Oldenburg , in: Hans H. Hildebrand / Albert Röhr / Hans-Otto Steinmetz: The German warships. Biographies - a mirror of naval history from 1815 to the present , 7 volumes in one volume, Ratingen o. J. [1983], Vol. 5, pp. 30f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ H. Merleker: Ships also have nicknames in Die Seekiste No. 2 1951, p. 82/83
- ↑ Blohm + Voss : Taufe Korvette Oldenburg ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . June 28, 2007. pp. 26f.
