SNCF X 4500
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The X 4500 series of the French state railway SNCF was a series of two-part diesel railcars that were in scheduled service from 1963 to 2009. With the vehicles of the series X 4300 , X 4630 , X 4750 and X 4900 , it belonged to the family of the so-called Caravelles - due to the engine noise reminiscent of the aircraft of the Sud Aviation Caravelle type - which are all at the Ateliers de Construction du Nord de la France (ANF) were built.
history
Original version
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123 cars of this series were asked between February 1963 and September 1970 in service, they got the car numbers 4501 to 4,623th each a four-axle railcars with only one cab was with a similar control car (model series XR 8300 and XR 8500) coupled found a rubber diaphragm Association the two car bodies . The 36.2 t railcar had 60 seats in 2nd class and a luggage compartment; like the control car, it was 21,240 mm long with buffers . The control car weighed 23.4 t. It was two-class, depending on the design, there were 12 or 24 places in 1st class and 69 or 49 places in 2nd class available.
The Saurer six-cylinder SDHR diesel engine of the railcar had an output of 295 kW . As a boxer engine , it could be installed under the floor of the railcar. The mechanical eight-speed gearbox came from De Dietrich , the time required for a gear change resulted in a low acceleration capacity. The maximum speed was 120 km / h.
Unlike most French locomotives, the "Caravelles" received a triple headlights so that they could also operate across borders. In the 1970s, X 4500s ran as far as Geneva in Switzerland . The railcars and control cars were originally painted red with a cream-colored ribbon of windows. With the other “Caravelle” series, the X 4500 could run in multiple units of a maximum of three units.
At the same time as the X 4500, the X 4300 series was created (first commissioning in May 1963), the 151 of which differed only insignificantly from the X 4500. Instead of the Saurer engine, it was given a Poyaud C 6150 SR T diesel engine with an identical output.
modification
Given the comfort of the Corail wagons and TGV - high-speed trains a reconstruction of the trains running after "Caravelles" appeared in the 1980s desirable. 14 double railcars of the X 4500 series were modernized, with more modern fronts that were reinforced for better protection of the driver . As a result, the car bodies became 21,740 mm long over buffers; the weight of the railcars and control cars increased by approx. 4 t each, which also had a negative effect on the acceleration capacity. Improved were u. a. the seats, the seating changed in the 2nd car class from bench seats in the arrangement 3 + 2 to individual seats in the arrangement 2 + 2. Each region was now able to determine the paintwork of the vehicles running there.
The X 4351, X 4371 and X 4382 railcars of the X 4300 series equipped with Poyaud engines received new engines from Saurer. They were assigned to the X 4500 series and renumbered X 4624, X 4625 and X 4626.
The railcar X 4609 was retrofitted with a diesel-hydraulic drive in 1996 and was assigned to the X 4630 series as X 4743.
Whereabouts
All vehicles in the series were withdrawn by November 2010, the last two units were used by the Longueau depot . 38 copies were sold to Regiotrans and Via Terra in Romania , six have been preserved by French museum railways and one by the SNCF.
Web links
- Trains du Sud-Ouest with coloring after modernization, commissioning and shutdown dates, mileage, depots and whereabouts
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Thomas Estler: Locomotives of the French state railway SNCF . 1st edition. Transpress, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-613-71480-9 , pp. 124 f .
- ↑ a b c d e Georges Mathieu: Le matériel moteur de la SNCF . 1st edition. Éditions La Vie du Rail, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-902808-48-8 , p. 225 ff .
- ↑ Trains du Sud-Ouest at trainsso.pagesperso-orange.fr, accessed on March 21, 2020