SNCF X 4300

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X 4352 with control car XR 8339 in Bitsch , 1991

The X 4300 series of the French state railway SNCF was a series of two-part diesel railcars that were in scheduled service from 1963 to 2009. With the vehicles of the series X 4500 , X 4630 , X 4750 and X 4900 , it belonged to the family of the so-called Caravelles - due to the engine noise - which were all built by the Ateliers de construction du Nord de la France (ANF).

history

Double traction in a different front painting in Illiers-Combray , 1988
X 4391 after renovation with a new front in Paris-Saint-Lazare station , 2012

Original version

151 cars of this series were asked in 1963 and December 1970 in service from May, they received the car numbers X 4301 X 4451. In each case, a four-axle railcars with only one cab was with a similar control cars coupled (series XR 8300) found a rubber diaphragm connected the both car bodies . The 35.2 t railcar had 60 seats in 2nd  class and a luggage compartment; like the control car, it was 240 mm long with buffers 21. The control car weighed 23.4 t. It was two-class, depending on the design, 12 or 24 places in 1st class and 60 or 49 places in 2nd class were available.

The six-cylinder diesel engine C 6150 SR T from Poyaud had an output of 295  kW . As a boxer engine , it could be installed under the floor of the railcar. The mechanical eight-speed gearbox came from De Dietrich , the time required for a gear change resulted in a low acceleration capacity. The maximum speed was 120 km / h.

Unlike most French locomotives, the X 4300 received a triple headlights . The railcars and control cars were originally painted red with a cream-colored ribbon of windows. With the other “Caravelle” series, the X 4300 could run in multiple units of a maximum of three units.

modification

Given the comfort of the Corail wagons and TGV - high-speed trains a reconstruction of the trains running after "Caravelles" appeared in the 1980s desirable. 39 units were modernized, with reinforced fronts for better protection of the driver . The weight of the railcars and control cars increased by approx. 4 t each; the car bodies were 21 740 mm long over buffers. Improved were u. a. also the seats, and each region could decide on the paintwork of the vehicles running there: the colors blue, green, red and yellow were available. The railcars X 4351, X 4371 and X 4382 received new engines from Saurer , were assigned to the X 4500 series and renumbered X 4624, X 4625 and X 4626.

Rames Automotrices Postales

In the late 1970s, the SNCF tried to keep pace with the increasing competition from trucks and airplanes in the postal sector. In addition to the TGV postal project for high-speed traffic via the LGV Sud-Est , postal multiple units have been developed for classic rail routes. Eight double railcars were created from conversions of diesel multiple units of the X 4300 and X 4500 series. The side windows of the passenger compartment were closed, and six former entrances were converted into loading openings with sliding doors. The interior was designed to accommodate up to 66 mail containers.

The performance of the vehicles known as Rames Automotrices Postales (RAP) has been increased from 330 kW to 440 kW, and the top speed has been increased from 140 km / h to 140 km / h. The previously cream-colored surfaces of the ribbon windows were painted yellow and each car body was labeled POSTES on the side and the logo of the postal company Postes, télégraphes et téléphones (PTT). A planned conversion of electric Z2 multiple units to postal vehicles, however, was not implemented.

The first of these multiple units ran on April 26, 1979 between Paris and Caen . Their use ended in 1993, after which the railcars for passenger transport were dismantled and assigned to the X 4750 series with other control cars.

Whereabouts

All vehicles in the series were taken out of service by 2009, the last six units were used by the Tours- Saint-Pierre depot after 2008 . X 4391 is now in operation as a railway service vehicle at the Supervision technique de flotte (STF) , X 4391 continues to exist at the Museum Railway Thur Doller Alsace in Cernay , Alsace .

Sister and successor series

Two X 4500 bought second-hand from Regiotrans in Romania , 2007
Modernized X 4785 in canary yellow and white livery in Metz , 2008
X 4918 in Dieppe , 2003
Two modernized X 4900s in Dieppe, 2010

X 4500

With the X 4500, a series was created at the same time (first commissioning in February 1963), the 126 copies of which - including three conversions from X 4300 - differ only insignificantly from the X 4300. Instead of the Poyaud engine, they received a diesel engine of the Saurer SDHR type with identical performance. The vehicle X 4609 was subsequently given a diesel-hydraulic drive in 1996 and was assigned to the X 4630 series as X 4743.

14 units were modernized, the last two were used in 2010 from the Longueau depot . Eight of these vehicles are now at home with tourist railways, 19 were sold to Regiotrans in Romania .

X 4630

The 113 units of the X 4630 series, which were commissioned between February 1971 and July 1977, differ from the X 4500 by a Voith T420r turbo transmission with hydraulic power transmission . 19 vehicles were fundamentally rebuilt, 21 more modernized without changing the fronts between 1985 and 1987 in the Atéliers du Mans repair shop .

The single copy X 94630 (with the control car XR 94630) largely corresponds to the type X 4630, but does not have a first class compartment. The vehicle, painted blue with yellow ribbon windows, was acquired in 1978 by the Syndicat intercommunal des transports publics (SITP) Cannes-Ranguin for the Cannes-Ranguin railway line and, after it was discontinued, sold to the SNCF in 1995, where it was classified under the road number X 4744.

X 4750

The X 4750 series represents the fourth and last type of the two-part “Caravelles”. The first 40 units were built in 1977 and 1978 with Saurer S1 DHR engines that produce 412 kW. They are 140 km / h fast and weigh 39.5 t (railcars) and 25.0 t (control cars). The hydraulic transmissions of the type T420r come from Voith. Numerous railcars of this series were modernized, whereby they lost the third top light.

The seven railcars X 4790 to X 4796 from 1981 have been modernized throughout. They differed only slightly, mainly in the number of seats and the size of the luggage compartment, from the previous 40 copies. The converted former post railcars X 97450 to X 97454, X 97456 and X 97457 were added to the series between 1996 and 1998 as X 4797 to X 4803.

X 4900

The X 4900 is a three-part vehicle with a sidecar running between two railcars. The 590 kW multiple units were painted in shades of blue from the start; they were in service from 1975 to 2016.

Web links

Commons : SNCF X 4300  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Thomas Estler: Locomotives of the French state railway SNCF . 1st edition. Transpress, Stuttgart 2014, ISBN 978-3-613-71480-9 , pp. 124 f .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Georges Mathieu: Le matériel moteur de la SNCF . 1st edition. Éditions La Vie du Rail, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-902808-48-8 , p. 224 f .
  3. ↑ La poste tente de renouveler ses transports ferroviaires in: Ferrovissime No. 70, p. 72 ff.
  4. ↑ Georges Mathieu: op. Cit. , P. 226 f.
  5. ↑ Georges Mathieu: op. Cit. , P. 230 ff.
  6. ↑ Georges Mathieu: op. Cit. , P. 240 f.
  7. ↑ X 94630 SNCF at trains-europe.fr, accessed on December 15, 2017
  8. ↑ Georges Mathieu: op. Cit. , P. 236 f.
  9. ↑ Georges Mathieu: op. Cit. , P. 238 f.