Saale estuary group
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The Saale estuary group is an archaeological culture that dates from around 1300 BC. BC ( Bronze Age ) to around 750 BC BC ( Iron Age ) is dated. The most important subsequent culture is the home urn culture (750 to 525/450 BC).
distribution
The Saale estuary group was spread from the Braunschweiger Land over the northern Harz area to the Elbe - Mulde region. The genesis of this group is not clear. In the material culture, influences of the surrounding groups are evident. Neighboring were the Lausitz culture in the east, the Elb-Havel group in the north and the Unstrut group in the south . From 1000 BC The burial custom and the ceramic decoration changed, probably under influences from the Altmark and Brandenburg area, signs of a cultural upheaval lasting several centuries, which later led to the home urn culture of the early Iron Age. The differences in the type and number of metal additions in the graves allow the assumption of a ranking society. The top status symbols apparently included two gold hair rings for women and metal vessels imported from the Carpathian Basin for men .
funeral
Initially, cremation dominated. The deceased were cremated and buried in urns - double-conical vessels or wide-rimmed terrines - usually individually and rarely in pairs in stone packing graves. Jugs and mugs served as grave goods. This burial was gradually replaced by the one in stone boxes, which were used from the 1st millennium BC. Began increasingly. In addition, entire family graves emerged more and more frequently due to repeated occupation.
House building and settlement
Apart from a floor plan of a 14 x 5 meter post house near Wulfen , Anhalt-Bitterfeld district , only a number of round storage pits have been found of the residential areas of the Saalemünde group .
Remarks
- ↑ a b c See Harald Meller (Ed.): Glutgeboren. Middle Bronze Age to Iron Age (= booklets accompanying the permanent exhibition in the Landesmuseum Halle . Volume 5). Halle an der Saale 2015, ISBN 978-3-944507-14-9 , pp. 25-30.
literature
- Wilhelm Albert von Brunn : Stone packing graves from Koethen. A contribution to the culture of the Bronze Age in Central Germany . In: Writings of the Section for Prehistory and Early History. German Academy of Sciences in Berlin Volume 3. Berlin 1954.
- Wilhelm Albert von Brunn : A burial mound near Osternienburg (Anhalt) (= yearbook of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum Mainz, vol. 2). 1955, pp. 76-94.
- Karl Peschel : The structure of the younger bronze age in Thuringia . In: Werner Coblenz , Fritz Horst (Hrsg.): Central European Bronze Age. Contributions to archeology and history. 8th conference of the Prehistory and Protohistory Section from April 24th to 26th, 1975 in Dresden . Berlin 1978, pp. 87-120.
- Berthold Schmidt , Waldemar Nitzschke: Burial customs of the late Bronze Age Helmsdorfer and Saale estuary group . In: Ausgrabungen und Funde 19. Issue 1, 1974, pp. 6-17.
- Berthold Schmidt: The Young Bronze Age tribes in the Elbe-Saale area . In: Werner Coblenz, Fritz Horst (Hrsg.): Central European Bronze Age. Contributions to archeology and history. 8th conference of the Prehistory and Protohistory Section from April 24th to 26th, 1975 in Dresden . Berlin 1978, pp. 121-136.
- Mechthild Klamm: Nordic style . In: Harald Meller (ed.): Beauty, Power and Death. 120 finds from 120 years of the State Museum for Prehistory in Halle . (= Accompanying volume to the special exhibition ). Halle an der Saale 2001, pp. 44–45.
- Ernst Sprockhoff , Olaf Höckmann : The cast bronze basins of the younger Nordic Bronze Age . In: Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 19. 1979 Mainz.
