Seyit Rıza

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Seyit Rıza

Seyit Riza ( zazaisch : Sey Riza , Kurmanji : Seyid Riza , Turkish Seyit Rıza * 1862 in the village of Dere Ari ( Mühledorf ) in the district of Ovacik in Dersim (now Tunceli ); † 15. November 1937 in Elazig ) was the most important spiritual and tribal Leader of the Zaza Kurdish Dersim uprising . He was executed after a trial.

Life

Seyit Riza was a Zazaki-speaking Alevi Kurd and belonged to the Abasan tribe, which forms the direct line within the Seyh Hasanan tribe. He was the fourth and youngest son of Seyid Ibrahim. Seyit Riza enjoyed a good education from the learned Mehmet Ali Efendi .

After the death of his father he received the leadership of his şiret and the title of seyyidسیّد(Arabic for Lord ). This title was only given to the (supposedly) direct descendants of the Prophet Mohammed . Seyit Riza then lived in Axdat on the slope of Mount Tujík .

In 1937 the Dersim uprising broke out, the leader of which was Seyit Riza. In September, Rıza's position became hopeless. His second wife Bese, another son, and a large number of the residents of his village were killed by soldiers. Disillusioned and apparently under pressure from his own tribe, Seyit Rıza surrendered. He and 50 followers were arrested, tried, sentenced after a four-day trial and immediately executed in mid-November. The trial and execution took place under great time pressure, as Ataturk , who wanted to visit the region the next day, did not want to bother with appeals for clemency. The man who organized the trial as a young civil servant was the future Foreign Minister İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil . He described the execution in his memoirs as follows:

“When Seyit Rıza saw the gallows, he understood. "You're going to hang me," he said, and turned to me. "Did you come from Ankara to hang me?" We looked at each other. For the first time, I was face to face with a person who was about to be executed. He laughed. The prosecutor asked if he would like to pray. He refused. We asked for his last words. "I still have forty lira and a watch, give them to my son," he said. At that moment, Fındık Hafiz was hanged. The rope broke twice. I stood in front of the window so that he couldn't see Fındık Hafiz being hanged. The execution of Fındık Hafiz 'was over. We took Seyit Rıza to the place of execution. It was cold. Nobody was there. But Seyit Rıza spoke into the silence and emptiness as if the square was full of people. “We are Kerbela's children. We haven't done anything wrong. It's a shame. It's cruel. It's murder, ”he said. It ran cold over me. This old man walked quickly and pushed the gypsy aside. He put the rope on, kicked the chair away and carried out his own judgment. "

Along with Seyit Rıza, his son Resik Hüseyin was also executed.

In 2010 the municipality of Tunceli had a Seyit Riza statue erected at the entrance to the old town.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Lukas Kieser in: Paul J. White and Joost Jongerden (eds.): Turkey's Alevi Enigma. Leiden 2003: "the most important tribal chieftain and spiritual leader of the Dersim rebellion".
  2. ↑ Jacqueline Sammali: Etre Kurde, un délit ?: portrait d'un peuple nié . Harmattan, 1995, ISBN 978-2-7384-3772-3 ( google.de [accessed August 30, 2018]).
  3. ↑ Sabri Cigerli: Les Kurdes et leur histoire . Harmattan, 1999, ISBN 978-2-7384-7662-3 ( google.de [accessed August 30, 2018]).
  4. ↑ a b Helga Hirsch: An (almost) forgotten massacre . In: THE WORLD . November 19, 2011 ( welt.de [accessed November 15, 2018]).
  5. ↑ Sey Rizo - Seyid Riza. Retrieved August 30, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Remembering Seyit Riza and his friends . In: SBS Your Language . ( com.au [accessed August 30, 2018]).
  7. ↑ 16. Turkey / Kurds (1922-present). Retrieved August 30, 2018 (American English).
  8. ↑ Faik Bulut: Belgelerle Dersim Raporlari. Istanbul 1991, p. 199
  9. ↑ Erhard Franz : Kurds and Kurdistan. Hamburg 1986, p. 142
  10. ^ M. Kalman: Belge ve tanıklarıyla Dersim Direnişleri. Istanbul 1995, p. 348
  11. ↑ İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil: Anılarım. Istanbul 1990, pp. 45-55
  12. ↑ İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil: Anılarım. Istanbul 1990, p. 47f. Quote (with gaps) in the daily newspaper Radikal, May 21, 2007
personal data
SURNAME Rıza, Seyit
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rıza, Said; Riza, Said; Riza, Saıd; Rıza, Seyid; Rıza, Sey (Zazaese); Riza, Seyîd (Kurdish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Turkish-Kurdish tribal leader
DATE OF BIRTH 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Dersim
DATE OF DEATH November 15, 1937
Place of death Elazığ