Sanctio
The Sanctio or Poen formula in the context of documents from the Middle Ages and the early modern period contains the threat of a penalty in the event of a violation of the legal content of a document laid down in the Dispositio . Parallel to this, or instead, the promise of a reward for compliance with the legal content of the document could stand. The threatened punishment could take the form of a fine, in the case of disgrace with the issuer of the certificate or a spiritual punishment, such as an anathema .
etymology
The term sanctio in the sense of the threat of a penalty to enforce a written legal content was already in use in ancient Roman times.
Position in the certificate form
In the arrangement of the form of a document, the sanctio is usually found between the legal dispositio and the corroboratio specifying the means of authentication . However, until the time of the reign of Henry V and occasionally even under Lothar III. the list of witnesses stands between the Sanctio and the Corroboratio .
literature
- Peter-Johannes Schuler : Poen Formula. In: Peter Dinzelbacher (Hrsg.): Special dictionary of medieval studies (= Kröner's pocket edition , volume 477). Alfred Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-520-47701-7 , pp. 641-642.
- Joachim Spiegel: Sanctio . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 7, LexMA-Verlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-7608-8907-7 , Sp. 1362.
- Alessandro Pratesi : Genesi e forme del documento medievale . Rome 1979, p. 75f. as Sanzione
Web links
- Literature on the penal formula in the Opac of the Regesta Imperii
- Certificate forms from Horst Enzensberger
Remarks
- ↑ a b Ahasver von Brandt : Tool of the historian. An introduction to the historical auxiliary sciences (= Urban pocket books. Volume 33). 13th edition. Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-17-012099-9 , p. 91.
- ↑ a b c d Peter-Johannes Schuler: Poen formula. In: Peter Dinzelbacher (Hrsg.): Special dictionary of medieval studies (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 477). Alfred Kröner Verlag, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-520-47701-7 , p. 641.
- ↑ a b c Harry Bresslau : Handbook of document teaching for Germany and Italy. Volume 1, 3rd edition, Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1958, p. 48.
- ^ Harry Bresslau: Handbook of document teaching for Germany and Italy. Volume 1, 3rd edition, Verlag Walter de Gruyther, Berlin 1958, p. 48, note 4.
- ^ Harry Bresslau: Handbook of document teaching for Germany and Italy. Volume 2, 3rd edition, Verlag Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1958, p. 211 with note 5.