Sand River Convention

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Detail at the Voortrekker monument
Monument at the place of signature

The Sand River Convention (English; Afrikaans : Sandrivierkonvensie ; Dutch : Conventie van Zandrivier ; German for example: "Sand River Agreement") was a treaty that was signed in 1852 between Great Britain and the Boers in what is now South Africa . It was named after the South African river Sand .

history

In the area of ​​what is now South Africa, the British and Boers faced each other in the middle of the 19th century, alongside other peoples. The Cape Colony in the south and Natal in the east were British territory, while several independent Boer republics existed in the north , notably the Transvaal .

The treaty was signed on January 17, 1852 on the land of Boer PA Venter north of the Sand. It was signed by Andries Pretorius for the approximately 5000 Boer families and William Hogge and Moslyn Owen for the British. He stipulated that Great Britain would recognize the Boer Republic of the Transvaal. In return, slavery was banned in the Transvaal and the Transvaal promised not to interfere in the affairs of the Orange River Sovereignty south of the Vaal , an area under British control at the time.

Pretorius had signed the contract without the consent of the 24-strong Volksraad , the elected representative of the Boers Transvaals. This led to a rejection with the Boer leader Andries Hendrik Potgieter . In March the Volksraad subsequently agreed, Pretorius and Potgieter reconciled through Paul Kruger . In the same year, the Boers founded the South African Republic (CAR) in the Transvaal region . In 1854 the Orange Free State was founded by Buren in the area of ​​the Orange River Sovereignty , which was recognized by the British in the Bloemfontein Convention . Contrary to the Sand River Convention, the British annexed the CAR on April 12, 1877. As a result, the First Boer War broke out in 1880 . In 1881 the Transvaal regained its self-government with the Pretoria Convention , and in 1884 it became independent again with the London Convention .

In 1867, about 15 kilometers north of the place where the contract was signed, the village of Ventersburg was founded. To this day, a memorial at the site of the signing of the contract near what is now the N1 national road commemorates the Sand River Convention.

Web links

Commons : Sand River Convention  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Sand River Convention at sahistory.org.za (English), accessed on November 14, 2012
  2. ^ Paul Kruger Timeline , accessed November 14, 2012
  3. ↑ Transvaal at encyclopedia.com (English), accessed on November 14, 2012
  4. ↑ Memorial at mbendi.com  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English), accessed November 14, 2012@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.mbendi.com