Sant'Aurea
| SANT'AUREA A OSTIA ANTICA
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|---|---|
| Denomination : | Roman Catholic |
| Patronage : | St. Aurea of Ostia |
| Consecration year : | 1483 |
| Rank: | cathedral |
| Address: | Piazza della Rocca 13 00119 Ostia Antica (Roma) |
Coordinates: 41 ° 45 ′ 33.6 " N , 12 ° 18 ′ 6.9" E
Sant'Aurea is a Catholic Church in the Ostia area , the 10th municipality of Rome . It has been the cathedral of the suburbicarian diocese of Ostia since the cardinal vicar ( vicar general of the Pope for the city of Rome) was entrusted with the administration of the diocese in 1966. The title Cardinal Bishop of Ostia has usually been worn by the Cardinal Dean and thus the highest-ranking cardinal in the Catholic Church since the 12th century .
At the same time it is the parish church of the parish of the same name of S. Aurea.
History and art
The church was started in the late fifteenth century at the instigation of the French Cardinal Guillaume d'Estouteville and was completed under his successor as Cardinal Dean, Giuliano della Rovere , later Pope Julius II. The Florentine architect Baccio Pontelli , who also built the neighboring fortress, was commissioned with the construction work ; The building was completed in 1483. It is unclear whether an early Christian church had previously stood at this location. In any case, the church was initially oriented in the opposite direction, and it was only afterwards that its facade was oriented towards the Castello, which Giuliano della Rovere commissioned. The church is looked after by Augustinian monks.
According to tradition, St. Aurea, the patron saint of Ostia, was buried near the church. Previously, the grave is to the holy places at Monika mother of the holy have been, church teacher Augustine , which was moved for security reasons later to Rome. In 1981 a fragment of a late antique funerary inscription was found, the text of which Chryse hic dorm [it] refers to a Christian deceased, but the connection between the Greek name Chryse and the Latin translation Aurea and thus the alleged martyr remains unclear. because it is a common name of members of the lower class ( humiliores ), which does not agree with the martyr legend of a wealthy Christian woman.
The church facade is structured by four Corinthian pilaster strips on high bases decorated with reliefs and has a central portal, above it a late Gothic rose window and two arched windows. A large coat of arms of Julius II is emblazoned in the triangular gable. The side walls have a similar structure with pilaster strips. At the rear rises the bell tower, behind which the two-winged bishop's palace with a round tower on the corner stands. In the square there is a fountain in front of the front of an elongated building opposite the church.
The narrow nave has a wooden ceiling with lilies as decoration, which refer to the coat of arms of Guillaume d'Estouteville, and on the left three side arched windows. In a right chapel, which is dedicated to St. Monika, hangs the painting Estasi di santa Monica on the back wall , which is assigned to the high baroque painter Pietro da Cortona . The saint's non-ancient tombstone, discovered near the church in 1945, is kept here. In front of the apse is a marble triumphal arch in typical Renaissance style , which shows a donor inscription on the architrave. The vault of the apse is decorated with frescoes, of which Saints Peter and Paul and a Pope have been preserved. The altarpiece is an oval painting by Andrea Sacchi, born in Nettuno , a rival of Pietro da Cortona, from 1627, which depicts the martyrdom of St. Aurea. In addition, there are doors on both sides with altar-like essays in which cardinal coats of arms hang. The modern folk altar consists of two reliefs from the early 16th century. Other paintings, all from the Baroque period , show primarily saints of the Augustinian order .
literature
- Maria Floriani Squarciapino : Considerazioni su Ostia cristiana , in: Studi romani 27, 1979, pp. 15-24
- AA.VV., Il borgo di Ostia da Sisto IV a Giulio II . in: Il '400 a Roma e nel Lazio , Rome, 1981
- Claudio Rendina: Le Chiese di Roma. Storie, leggende e curiosità degli edifici sacri della Città Eterna, dai templi pagani alle grandi basiliche, dai conventi ai monasteri ai luoghi di culto in periferia , 2nd edition Rome 2010 (Newton Compton) ISBN 978-88-541-1833-1 , P. 41
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.vicariatusurbis.org/?page_id=188&ID=230
- ↑ http://www.santaurea.org/ website of the parish