Sant 'Andria Priu
The once 20 domus de Janas (rock tombs) of Sant 'Andria Priu (Italian Ipogeo S. Andrea Priu ) are located in a 10 meter high trachyte wall on the southern edge of the plateau of Campeda near Bonorva in the province of Sassari in Sardinia . The 15 preserved structures come from the Ozieri culture (around 3000 BC).
Annexes 5, 6 and 8 impress with their architectural details, among which the wooden beams (or house roofs) imitating ceiling representations make up a special aspect. In the floor area of some (often in their dromoi or in the antechambers) there are raised thresholds and rings (the latter as a border around fireplace) as well as deepened kernel-like bowls. The rectangular tombs date from prehistoric times. The walls of the central chambers sometimes have niches and false doors. Part of the supervised facility (entrance) is inaccessible to visitors.
Overview
- Domus 1, 2 and 7 are tiny
- Domus 3 only consists of the entrance and a chamber
- Domus 4 is completely destroyed
- Domus 5, also known as “Tomba a capanna circolare”, is an outstanding system
- Domus 6 also "Tomba del Capo" (Eng. The chief grave) is the attraction of the necropolis
- Domus 8 also “Tomba a Camera” and the 85 m away Domus 10 are more compact versions of No. 6
- Domus 9, 11 and 12 as well as the * Domus 13-15 lying in a side gorge each have a chamber and a side chamber.
Tomba a capanna circolare (5)
The facility consists of the very short dromos and a main room. The floors are provided with bowls. The asymmetrically curved side chambers of different sizes are accessible from the almost circular main room, which is just over three meters in size and has two small wall niches. In the floor of the main room there is a 1.9 m long coffin-like depression, the upper edge of which is cut out to accommodate a grave slab.
The Tomba del Capo, the chief's grave (6)
The 250 m² rock tomb is the largest in Sardinia. Since the former access part has broken off, it begins with a very short dromos. Behind it is a semicircular anteroom , similar to Santu Pedru . Adjacent to it are two large main rooms, supported by pairs of round columns, arranged one behind the other. Around this are six chambers, some with tiny side chambers, some of which are accessible via steps. One of the chambers has three secondary chambers, the other five each have one, making a total of 14 chambers. Six of them are accessible from the front and the rest from the rear main chamber. Frescoes from the 3rd-9th centuries Century are evidence that the complex was used as a church in early Christian times. On occasion, probably to emphasize the younger group of wall paintings, which were only created in the 17th century, a light shaft was hammered into the ceiling of the rear main room, which is over three meters high, up to the level of the plateau.
Tomba a Camera (8)
This complex has only one main room supported by two square columns. Exactly opposite the entrance from the vestibule (with bowl), two probably not original “niches in coffin measurements” are worked into the wall in a place where small niches, false doors and murals were usually attached. There is also such a recess in the floor of the main room, the edge of which is excluded to accommodate the grave slab. Three chambers of roughly the same size complete the seemingly compact 45 m² unit.
Tomba 10
This complex has a wide anteroom but no main room supported by columns, instead a load-bearing wall protrudes into the room. In the bottom of one of the seven side chambers, some of which are quite small, there is again a coffin-like depression. The compact unit is around 42 m² in total.
The plants on the plateau
Even in Byzantine times, flat graves (stone coffins) accessible via steps were dug into the floor of the plateau above the Domus de Janas.
The campanile
The campanile is located on the plateau above Domoi 5 and 6. In its vicinity is the light shaft of the Tomba del Capo and the small Tomb 12. The main interpretation of the four-legged torso , the front part of which was cut off, goes in the direction of a bull sculpture made from the rock , which in the course of the redesign of Tomba 8 into a Christian church was destroyed. A reference to the Sardinian bull cult, which in addition to the horns carved in bas-relief (e.g. also painted versions in Mandra Antine ) also knew plastic representations, has so far only been provided by a bull's head found in the Bronze Age prenuraghic complex near the village of Biriai near Oliena .
See also
literature
- Roberto Caprara: La Necropoli di S. Andrea Priu . Delfino, Sassari 1986, ( Sardegna archeologica. Guide e itinerari 3).
- Editta Castaldi: Sa Sedda de Biriai (Oliena - Nuoro - Sardegna). Villaggi d'altura con santuario megalitico di cultura Monte Claro. Quasar, Rome 1999.
Web links
Coordinates: 40 ° 25 ′ 16.9 ″ N , 8 ° 50 ′ 48.9 ″ E