Santalene
The Santalene are a group of natural substances . Structurally, they belong to the tricyclic sesquiterpenes and thus to the hydrocarbons . There are three stereoisomers that occur in East Indian sandalwood oil .
Representative
Santalene | ||||
Surname | (-) - α-Santals | (-) - β-santals | (+) - epi -β santals | |
Structural formula | ||||
other names |
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(1 R , 3 R , 4 S ) -3-methyl-2-methylidene-3- (4-methylpent-3-enyl) bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane | (3 S ) -3-methyl-2-methylidene-3- (4-methylpent-3-enyl) bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane | |
CAS number | 512-61-8 | 511-59-1 | 25532-78-9 | |
PubChem | 94164 | 10889018 | 91746538 | |
Molecular formula | C 15 H 24 | |||
Molar mass | 204.35 g mol −1 | |||
Physical state | liquid | |||
Brief description | Oils | |||
boiling point | 252 ° C (100.1 kPa) | 125-127 ° C (1.2 kPa) | 94–115 ° C (3–7 kPa) | |
GHS labeling |
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H and P phrases | see above | |||
see above |
Occurrence
All three isomers occur in addition to α- santalol in the Indian sandalwood oil from Santalum album ; the (+) - epi -β-Santalen, however, only in traces.
(-) - α-Santalen can also be found in traces in lavender oil , as well as in butterbur ( Petasites hybridus ).
properties
The smell of α-santals is described as weak, whereas β-santals have a cedar note . The β-santalenes have a bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane structure, while the α-derivatives are tricyclic in nature.
history
Santalen is the first sesquiterpene from which a correct structural formula could be determined, this was done in 1910 by Friedrich Wilhelm Semmler .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Entry on Santalene. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on January 7, 2017.
- ^ FW Semmler: On the knowledge of the components of essential oils. (Constitution of the α-Santalol and α-Santalen series: The constitution of the sesquiterpene alcohols and sesquiterpenes.). In: Reports of the German Chemical Society. 43, 1910, p. 1893, doi: 10.1002 / cber.191004302121 .