Sapienti consilio

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Sapienti consilio is the title of the Apostolic Constitution of June 29, 1908, with which Pope Saint Pius X ordered a restructuring of the Roman Curia . With the reform of the Curia, the Pope aimed at a strict separation between administrative authorities and courts, which can be clearly seen in this constitution.

Curia reform

Only Pius X. carried out the first complete revision since the founding of the Cardinal Congregations by Sixtus V (1587). In this constitution he wrote in view of the forthcoming summary of the ecclesiastical laws in the Codex Iuris Canonici : “It seemed very appropriate to start with the Roman Curia so that it could be presented to the Pope in a suitable and comprehensible form for all and give the Church her help more easily and her assistance more fully. ”With Sapienti consilio the number of dicasteries , which at the beginning of the 20th century was 37, was reduced to 11 congregations, 3 courts of justice and 5 offices. Your responsibilities have been defined more clearly. Overruns should be avoided wherever possible, and finance has been reorganized.

The dicasteries according to the Sapienti consilio are:

Congregations:

1. Congregatio Sancti Officii
2. Consistorial Congregation
3. Congregatio de disciplina Sacramentorum
4. Congregatio Concilii
5. Congregatio Negotiis religiosorum sodalium praeposita
6. Congregatio de Propaganda Fide
7. Congregatio Indicis
8. Congregatio sacrorum Rituum
9th Congregatio Caeremonialis
10. Congregatio pro Negotiis ecclesiasticis extraordinariis
11th Congregatio Studiorum

Courts of Justice:

1. Sacra Poenitentiaria
2. Sacra Romana Rota
3. Signatura Apostolica

Offices:

1. Cancellaria Apostolica
2. Dataria Apostolica
3. Camera Apostolica
4. Secretaria status
5. Secretariae Brevium ad Principes et Epistolarum latinarum

Name change

In 1908 Pope Pius X changed the name of the Congregatio Romanae et universalis Inquisitionis (German: 'Congregation of the Roman and General Inquisition ') to Sacra Congregatio Sancti Officii (German: 'Holy Congregation of the Holy Office'). In 1965 Pope Paul VI. her name Congregatio pro doctrina fidei (German: ' Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith ').

division

With the constitution Sapienti consilio Pius X shared the institution that had dealt with the affairs of religious and bishops since 1601: The Congregatio Negotiis religiosorum sodalium praeposita (German: 'Religious Congregation') was established as an independent congregation. Today it is called the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life . From 1908, responsibility for the bishops lay with the Congregatio Consistorialis (German: 'Konsistorialkongregation'). Since 1967 it has been called the Congregation for Bishops .

New congregations

The Congregation for the Order of the Sacraments (Latin Sacra Congregatio de Disciplina Sacramentorum ) was newly founded.

The State Secretariat

The State Secretariat (Latin: Secretariatus Status ) was divided into three departments:

  • Extraordinary Affairs Section
  • Section for ordinary ecclesiastical affairs and
  • Secretariat for the Apostolic Breven

The Roman Rota

With the fall of the Papal States, the court of the Roman Rota ceased its activities on September 20, 1870. By virtue of this Apostolic Constitution, it now received its own law, the Lex propria SR Rotae et Signaturae Apostolica, and is now practically the third instance court of appeal for the universal Church in matters of nullity.

Admission to the CIC

This reform of Pius X. was later in the Codex Iuris Canonici (CIC), which was published by Pope Benedict XV. was promulgated , affirmed and completed in 1917 and remained practically unchanged until 1967.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b cf. Pastor Bonus No. 4, Para. 7 ( online )
  2. ↑ See Stefan Killermann: The Rota Romana. Nature and work of the papal court through the ages. (= Adnotationes in Ius Canonicum. Volume 46, edited by Elmar Güthoff and Karl-Heinz Selge). Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main-Berlin-Bern-Bruxelles-New York-Oxford-Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-631-59334-9 , p. 184.
  3. ^ Integrae servandae , Apostolic letter in the form of a Motu Proprio from Pope Paul VI. of December 7, 1965 on the change of name and order of the Holy Office.
  4. ^ Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life: Profile . on vatican.va, accessed October 18, 2016.
  5. ↑ The work of the Church Court of the Roman Rota serves as a model for all Church Courts

literature

  • Bruno Moser (ed.): The papacy - epochs and shapes . Südwest Verlag, Munich 1986, ISBN 3517008095 .

Web links