Sarah Miriam Peale

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Self-portrait, 1818
Charles Lavallen Jessop (Boy on a Rocking Horse), 1840
Henry Alexander Wise, 1842
Basket of Berries, 1860

Sarah Miriam Peale (born May 19, 1800 in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania ; † February 4, 1885 there ) was an American painter who painted still lifes, but mainly portraits. Peale remained unmarried and, as far as is known, earned her living as the first female painter in the USA painting.

Life

Peale was the youngest daughter of the painter James Peale and the niece of Charles Willson Peale . Her older sisters Anna Claypoole Peale (1791–1878) and Margaretta Angelica Peale (1795–1882) were also painters. Peale is descended from Oliver Cromwell through her mother, Mary Chambers Claypoole .

In any case, her father played an important role in Peale's training as a painter. Other members of the branching artist family Peale are also named as their teachers, but were only available to a limited extent. Her uncle Charles Willson Peale, the founder of the family's artistic tradition, had retired to a farm near Germantown in 1810 . Her cousin Rembrandt Peale stayed several times in Europe and then went to Baltimore , where he set up a museum. Her cousin Raphaelle Peale , also an excellent artist, suffered from alcohol and marital problems.

Peale's first painting was (not atypical of her family) a self-portrait that was created around 1818. During this time Peale was already exhibiting in the annual exhibitions of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA). Hunter even reports that she exhibited Flowers there as early as 1817 . In 1818 she exhibited portraits and in 1819 portraits and still life. This also continued in the following years. At least during this time, Charles Willson Peale became aware of her talent.

In 1824, Peale and her sister Anna Claypoole Peale were appointed academicians by the PAFA as the first women ever . In contrast to Anna, Sarah Miriam Peale rarely put the PA award after her name.

In both 1818 and 1820 Peale stayed in Baltimore in the museum of her cousin Rembrandt Peale and studied his art. In 1822, when Rubens Peale took over the museum, Sarah Miriam Peale and Anna Claypoole Peale exhibited there and Sarah Miriam Peale took on some portrait commissions in Baltimore. In 1825 Peale moved permanently to Baltimore and stayed there for 22 years. She worked in the museum until 1829 (when the museum was closed). More than 100 paintings are known from the Baltimore period alone. Other artists in Baltimore included Jacob Eichholtz , John Vanderlyn , John Wesley Jarvis , Thomas Sully , Chester Harding , WJ Hubard , John C. Darley , John Beale Bordley, and Alfred Jacob Miller . Peale painted more portraits than any one of them, possibly as many as all of them.

In the early 1840s, Peale made several trips to Washington, DC to paint important politicians. In 1846 Peales' health deteriorated and she moved to St. Louis at the invitation of Nathaniel Child , where she stayed for 30 years. In the 1860s and 1870s, Peale's interest returned to still lifes. In 1878, Peale returned to Philadelphia to live with her sisters Anna Claypoole and Margaretta Angelica .

Works

  • Self-Portrait, 1818, oil on canvas, 61.2 × 48.3 cm, National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC
  • Anna Maria Smyth, 1821, oil on canvas, 91.4 × 71.1 cm, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia
  • Fruits and Wine, 1822, oil on canvas, 29.8 × 40.6 cm
  • Mrs. Rubens Peale and Son, 1823, oil on canvas, 76.2 x 60.9 cm, The Peale Museum, Baltimore
  • Jose Silvestre Rabello, 1826, oil on canvas, 70.5 × 89.2 cm, Brazilian Embassy Collection, Washington, DC
  • Still Life: Grapes and Watermelon, 1828, oil on canvas, 36.2 x 48.3 cm, Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore
  • Peaches and Grapes in a Porcelain Bowl, 1829, oil on canvas, 29.8 × 38.1 cm, Montclair Art Museum, Montclair, New Jersey
  • Self-Portrait, 1830, oil on canvas, 68.6 × 50.8 cm, The Peale Museum, Baltimore City Life Museums
  • Charles Lavallen Jessop (Boy on a Rocking Horse), 1840, oil on canvas, 90.1 × 106 cm
  • Mrs. William Crane, 1840, 75.6 x 62.9 cm, San Diego Museum of Art , California
  • Charlotte Ramsay Bobinson, 1840, oil on canvas, oval, 96.5 × 66 cm, The Peale Museum, Baltimore City Life Museums
  • Henry Alexander Wise, 1842, oil on canvas, 74.9 × 62.2 cm, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond
  • Senator Thomas Hart Benton, 1842, oil on canvas, 76.2 × 63.5 cm, Missouri Historical Society, Saint Louis
  • Basket of Berries, 1860, oil on canvas, oval, 30.5 × 25.4 cm
  • Senator Lewis Fields Linn, oil on canvas, Missouri Historical Society, Saint Louis

literature

  • Wilbur H. Hunter and John Mahey: Miss Sarah Miriam Peale: 1800-1885; portraits and still life; exhibition, February 5, 1967 through March 26, 1967, The Peale Museum, Baltimore, Maryland
  • Lillian B. Miller: The Peale Family, Creation of a Legacy. Abbeville Press, 1996, ISBN 0-7892-0206-9 (The exhibition catalog covers the whole Peale family)

Web links

Commons : Sarah Miriam Peale  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wilbur H. Hunter, Miss Sarah Miriam Peale, p. 5
  2. ^ Wilbur H. Hunter, Miss Sarah Miriam Peale, p. 7
personal data
SURNAME Peale, Sarah Miriam
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American painter
DATE OF BIRTH May 19, 1800
PLACE OF BIRTH Philadelphia , Pennsylvania
DATE OF DEATH February 4, 1885
Place of death Philadelphia , Pennsylvania