Certificate of Competence
The certificate of competency is the state certificate ( nautical patent , in official German the sea offices also trade license ) for the nautical or technical ship's officer that he is allowed to operate ships of a certain size or engine power in a certain area as officer on watch , as manager of the machinery or as captain .
The training takes place mainly at seafaring schools or ( technical ) universities .
Maritime shipping
Cruising areas
The patents and certificates of competency are classified according to sailing areas. A distinction is made between coastal, small, medium and long voyages. The coastal voyage is the voyage in the coastal sea areas up to the seaward sovereign border . The short trip goes beyond that, but the ship only moves in coastal areas, such as the North or Baltic Sea. The mean voyage includes all European ports excluding Iceland , the Azores and Svalbard . During the Great Voyage , all sea waters are used worldwide.
Patents until 1970
Until 1970 there were patents for seafarers. A distinction was made between A-patents for boaters ( officers and masters ), B-patents for fishing and C-patents for machine service. They comprised five (B-patents) and six levels (A- and C-patents) with increasing knowledge and experience of the owner.
A-patents for merchant shipping
- A1: Skipper on a coastal trip
- A2: Helmsman on a small voyage
- A3: Captain on short voyage II
- A4: Captain on short voyage I
- A5: Navigator on a long voyage
- A6: Captain on a long journey
B patents for deep sea fishing
- B1: Skipper in small deep-sea fishing
- B2: Helmsman in small deep-sea fishing
- B3: Captain in small deep-sea fishing
- B4: Helmsman in large deep-sea fishing
- B5: Captain in large deep sea fishery
C patents for machine service
- C1: marine engine machinist
- C2: Small machinist
- C3: Second class marine engineer
- C4: Marine engineer, 1st class
- C5: Marine engineer, 2nd class
- C6: Marine engineer, 1st class
- German merchant shipping patents
Captain's license AM Medium Voyage - 1973
Helmsman's license A5 Great Voyage - 1962
Captain's patent A6 / AG Große Fahrt - 1965
Sea motor driver CMot until 1970 C1 machinist on motor ships up to 300 HP / short trip - 1971
Coastal machinist CKü (M) until 1970 C2 machinist on motor ships up to 600 HP / medium speed - 1973
Engineering patent CT / CTW previously C5 ship operations technician, ship engineer 2nd class on motor ships up to 8000 HP / long voyage - 1975
Engineering patent CI / CIW previously C6 marine engineer 1st class on seagoing vessels of all types of propulsion and power / long voyages - 1978
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Certificates and powers of officers and masters on cargo ships (1970–1997)
| Patent AKü | Maritime skipper | Coastal drive | up to 212 GRT | until 1985 | |
| Patent to | Captain / ship's officer | National drive | up to 200 GRT | until 1991 | |
| Patent to | Captain / ship's officer (officer) | National drive | up to 500 GRT | ||
| Patent AK | captain | Little ride | up to 500 GRT | until 1991 | |
| Patent AK | Captain / 1st naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,600 GRT / GT 4,000 | from 1991 | |
| Patent AK | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,000 GRT | until 1991 | |
| Patent AK | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,600 GRT / GT 4,000 | from 1991 | |
| Patent nuclear power plant | 1. naut. Ship's officer | Little ride | Up to 500 GRT | until 1991 | |
| Patent nuclear power plant | 1. naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,000 GRT / GT 3,000 | from 1991 | |
| Patent nuclear power plant | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,000 GRT | until 1991 | |
| Patent nuclear power plant | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,000 GRT / GT 3,000 | from 1991 | |
| Patent AM | Captain / 1st naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,000 GRT | until 1985 | |
| Patent AM | Captain / 1st naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | up to 1,600 GRT | until 1991 | |
| Patent AM | Captain / 1st naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | up to 8,000 GRT / GT 8,000 | from 1991 | |
| Patent AM | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | any size | ||
| AMW patent | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Medium ride | up to 1,000 GRT | until 1985 | |
| AMW patent | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | up to 1,600 GRT | until 1991 | |
| AMW patent | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | up to 8,000 GRT / GT 8,000 | from 1991 | |
| AMW patent | 3. naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | any size | ||
| Patent AG | Captain / 1st naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | Any size | ||
| Patent AGW | 2. naut. Ship's officer | Big ride | Any size |
Course duration AKü : six weeks of seafaring school, fully licensed AKü as a sea skipper.
Course duration AN : one semester technical college, full patent AN (as captain) after 12 months of travel time as a ship officer
Course duration AKW : three semesters technical school, full license AK after 24 months of travel time as a ship officer with AKW (no more training)
AMW course duration : four semesters of technical college, full AMW license after 24 months of travel time as a ship officer with AMW (no more training)
Course duration AGW : six semesters at a university of applied sciences, full patent AG after 24 months of travel time as a ship officer with AGW (from 1998 changed training according to STCW / SchOffzAusbV Jan. 15, 1992)
The exchange (if the qualification according to § 25 continues ) o. G. Patents in the gem. STCW95 / 98 was regulated in Sections 3, 25 and 30 of the Ship Officer Training Ordinance (SchOffzAusbV).
Certificates of competency since 1997
Since the introduction of STCW 95, STCW 98 there are certificates of competency for merchant vessels and for fishing vessels. The layout of the individual certificates has changed, in particular their number has been reduced.
The following certificates of competency for merchant vessels are available in the nautical service:
- Certificates of competency for the nautical service on merchant ships with a gross tonnage of up to 500 in the national voyage (national regulation)
- Officer (certificate of competency for Navigation Watch-keeping Officer (NCV))
- captain
- Certificates of competency for the nautical service on merchant vessels of all sizes and all trades
- Nautical Officer "Operational Level"
- First Officer, Captain "Management Level"
In the nautical service there are the following certificates of competency for fishing vessels:
- Certificates of competency for masters and officers of the nautical service on fishing vessels for masters
- BG: Driving fishing vessels of all sizes in large deep-sea fisheries, performing the duties of a first nautical ship's officer on fishing vessels of all sizes in large-scale deep-sea fishing
- BK: Driving fishing vessels in small deep-sea fishing
- BKü: Driving fishing vessels up to a volume of 75 GRT / GT 150 in coastal fishing
- Certificates of competency for masters and officers of the nautical service on fishing vessels for officers of ships
- BGW: Performing the duties of a second nautical officer on fishing vessels of all sizes in large deep-sea fisheries
- BKW: Performing the duties of a nautical ship's officer on fishing vessels in small deep-sea fishing (includes BKü if the owner is at least 20 years old)
In the technical service, in addition to a general certificate of proficiency for machinists, there is one that meets the needs of smaller ships:
- Certificates of proficiency for technical service on ships with any propulsion power
- Engineering watch officer
- Second engineering officer
- Head of the machinery
- Certificate of proficiency for ship mechanics: Technical service on ships with a propulsion power of up to 750 kW
For crew members who are supposed to go on a bridge and machine watch on merchant ships, there is a certificate that they are able to watch on ships of all sizes and with any propulsion power.
Certificates of competency since 2014
The regulations on the competencies of seafarers were revised in June 2014 in the Seafarers Competency Ordinance (See-BV). Transitional provisions for earlier training and seafaring times are contained in Section 64 of the See-BV.
Inland navigation and regional patents
There are other regional patents: the Bodenseeschifferpatent , the Rhine navigation license (three lines), the Danube -Kapitänspatent that Schifferpatent Danube , the Elbschifferpatent , the Lower Elbe Pat, hold the lower Ems patent etc. and warrants: "qualification certificate for Leda , Ems, Ilmenau and Emder Hafen "etc.
See also
literature
- Hans Wilhelm Hoffmann: sailors - ship mechanics - ship officers. Vocational training for seafarers in the 20th century . 1st edition. Publishing house Dr. Köster, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89574-587-1 .
Web links
- Seafarers Qualification Ordinance - See-BV
- Inland navigation patent regulation - BinSchPatentV
- Ship Officer Training Ordinance - SchOffzAusbV ( expired in 2014)
- Association of German captains and ship officers
- Website of the State Maritime School in Cuxhaven
- Detailed article from the jobpilot portal
- Bremen University of Applied Sciences - Department of Nautical and Maritime Transport
- Maritime Department Leer
- Jade University, study location Elsfleth - Maritimes, seafaring
- University of Wismar Study of nautical science and transport
- FH Flensburg Studied nautical science and logistics
- Maritime Training Pilot - Nautical training portal
Individual evidence
- ↑ One must always reckon with fools in the fog . In: Der Spiegel . No. 21 , 1977 ( online ).
- ↑ Federal Law Gazette 1970 I No. 84 .
- ↑ SBAO of Aug. 19, 1970
- ↑ SchOffzAusbV of Feb. 11, 1985
- ↑ SchOffzAusbV of Aug. 22, 1991
- ↑ careerinshipping.com