Schillstrasse (Braunschweig)

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Schillstrasse
coat of arms
Street in Braunschweig
Schillstrasse
Schilldenkmal
Basic data
place Braunschweig
District Vieweg's garden
Connecting roads Helmstedter Strasse , Ottmerstrasse
Cross streets Kapellenstrasse, Mentestrasse, Rietschelstrasse
Places Leonhardplatz, Berliner Platz

The Schillstraße in Braunschweig is located in the district Viewegsgarten-Bebelhof near the main railway station and connects the Helmstedter road with the Leonhardsplatz or the Berliner Platz. It commemorates Major Ferdinand von Schill , who died in Stralsund in 1809 during the uprising against the rule of Napoléon Bonaparte .

In the former stains St. Leonhard in 1874 dedicated Wörthstraße was accounted for Zweitgen World War, in 1945 or 1946 in the Campestraße (presumably because of her at the Battle of Wörth reminiscent militaristic name), but separated in the late 1950s again and was named Schillstraße. Another street previously called "Schillstraße" had to give way in the course of the construction of the new main station (former St. Leonhard / Ostbahnhof station); it ran south directly adjacent to today's Schillstraße and also delimited the subcamp described below .

Archaeological excavations

In 1939 archaeological excavations were carried out in the street, the numerous fireplaces, vessels, entrenchment equipment , as well as rifle and stone and iron cannon balls that were found here, suggested an army camp from around 1600. Possibly. it was a camp of Duke Friedrich Ulrich's soldiers who besieged Braunschweig (in vain) in the summer of 1615.

Buildings

The so-called "Invalidenhäuschen" built in 1840.

Since May 2000, the Schillstrasse subcamp memorial has been located on the south-western corner property with Berliner Platz . There is also the so-called “Invalidenhäuschen”, built in 1840, and the Schill monument . The monument was inaugurated in 1837 after Friedrich Wilhelm III. The desolate place on what was then Wörthstrasse had been converted into a garden so that a worthy memorial in honor of Schill and fourteen of his comrades-in-arms who were executed in Braunschweig could be erected there. Schill's head, which had long been in a natural history cabinet in Leiden, the Netherlands , was buried in an urn at the foot of the monument. His body was buried in an unknown location in Stralsund's St. Jürgen cemetery as early as 1809 .

In 1938 the Wehrmacht erected the Army headquarters building on today's Schillstrasse, which served as the headquarters of an infantry division and an artillery regiment . The building still exists today and is used by various authorities as an office building.

Concentration camp subcamps

In November 1944, a satellite camp of Neuengamme concentration camp was set up at the southwest end of today's Schillstrasse, less than 100 meters from the headquarters of a division headquarters . In it were u. a. 300 Jews and political prisoners who were used for forced labor at Büssing-NAG . Since the mortality rate in the Schillstrasse camp was extremely high, a group of doctors from the Neuengamme main camp visited the subcamp at the beginning of January 1945 to get to the bottom of it. However, nothing changed in the death rate. Shortly before the end of the war in Braunschweig , the Schillstrasse satellite camp was closed at the end of March 1945.

literature

  • Jürgen Hodemacher: Braunschweig's streets - their names and their stories, Volume 3: Outside the city ring , Braunschweig 2001

Web links

Commons : Schillstraße (Braunschweig)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of street renaming in 1945/46 in the "Braunschweigischen Adressbuch 1950"
  2. ↑ City map from 1934/35 . City map from 1950 ( Memento of the original from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.landkartenarchiv.de
  3. ↑ Jürgen Hodemacher: Braunschweigs Straßen - their names and their stories, Volume 3: Outside the Stadtring , p. 244
  4. ↑ Städtischer Verkehrsverein Braunschweig (Ed.): Guide through Braunschweig , 10. neubearb. Ed., Braunschweig 1940, p. 45
  5. ↑ Reinhard Jacobs: Terror under the swastika. Places of remembrance in Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt , p. 18
  6. ↑ Leuschner, Kaufhold, Märtl (ed.): The economic and social history of the Braunschweigisches Land from the Middle Ages to the present , Volume 3: Modern Times , p. 522

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 25 ″  N , 10 ° 32 ′ 37 ″  E