Schistura

Schistura
Schistura mahnerti
Systematics
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi without rank: Otophysa Order : Carp-like (Cypriniformes) Subordination : Loach- like (Cobitoidei) Family : Brook loaches (Nemacheilidae) Genre : Schistura
Scientific name
Schistura
McClelland , 1838

Schistura is a genus of freshwater fish from the brook loachfamily(Nemacheilidae). With around 200 species, it is the most species-rich genus in the family. Schistura species occur from Iran to China in South , Southeast and East Asia . Its scientific name comes from the Greek ("schizein" = share + "oura" = tail) and was given because of the forked caudal fin.

features

Like all brook loaches, the Schistura species are small fish that live close to the ground and have an elongated body that is approximately round or oval in cross-section. The characteristics of the genus include a black stripe, two spots or a spot and a stripe on the caudal fin base, and one or two black spots on the dorsal fin base. The nostrils are close together, the front ones have a flap of skin on their front. The lower lip usually has a few furrows and is divided in the middle. The swim bladder usually does not have a free-standing rear section.

species

Schistura acuticephalus (Hora, 1929) Schistura afasciata Mirza & Banarescu, 1981 Schistura albisella Kottelat, 2017 Schistura alepidota (Mirza & Banarescu, 1970) Schistura alta Nalbant & Bianco, 1998 Schistura alticrista Kottelat, 1990 Schistura altipedunculatus (Banarescu & Nalbant, 1968) Schistura amplizona Kottelat, 2000 Schistura anambarensis (Mirza & Banarescu, 1970) Schistura antennata Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura aramis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura arifi Mirza & Banarescu, 1981 Schistura athos Kottelat, 2000 Schistura atra Kottelat, 1998 Schistura bachmaensis Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura bairdi Kottelat, 2000 Schistura balteata (Rendahl, 1948) Schistura bampurensis (Nikolskii, 1900) Schistura bannaensis Chen, Yang & Qi, 2005 Schistura beavani (Günther, 1868) Schistura bella Kottelat, 1990 Schistura bolavenensis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura breviceps (Smith, 1945) Schistura bucculenta (Smith, 1945) Schistura callichromus (Zhu & Wang, 1985) Schistura carbonaria Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura cataracta Kottelat, 1998 Schistura caudofurca (May, 1978) Schistura ceyhanensis Erk'Akan, Nalbant & Özeren, 2007 Schistura chapaensis (Rendahl, 1944) Schistura chindwinica (Tilak & Husain, 1990) Schistura chrysicristinae Nalbant, 1998 Schistura cincticauda (Blyth, 1860) Schistura clatrata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura colossa Kottelat, 2017 Schistura conirostris (Zhu, 1982) Schistura corica (Hamilton, 1822) Schistura coruscans Kottelat, 2000 Schistura crabro Kottelat, 2000 Schistura crassa Kottelat, 2017 Schistura cristata (mountain, 1898) Schistura cryptofasciata Chen, Kong & Yang, 2005 Schistura curtistigma Mirza & Nalbant, 1981 Schistura dalatensis Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura daubentoni Kottelat, 1990 Schistura dayi (Hora, 1935) Schistura deansmarti Vidthayanon & Kottelat, 2003 Schistura defectiva Kottelat, 2000 Schistura deignani (Smith, 1945) Schistura denisoni (Day, 1867) Schistura desmotes (Fowler, 1934) Schistura disparizona Zhou & Kottelat, 2005 Schistura dorsizona Kottelat, 1998 Schistura dubia Kottelat, 1990 Schistura ephelis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura evreni Erk'Akan, Nalbant & Özeren, 2007 Schistura fascimaculata Mirza & Nalbant, 1981 Schistura fasciolata (Nichols & Pope, 1927) Schistura finis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura fowleriana (Smith, 1945) Schistura fusinotata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura geisleri Kottelat, 1990 Schistura globiceps Kottelat, 2000 Schistura harnaiensis (Mirza & Nalbant, 1969) Schistura hingi (Herre, 1934) Schistura horai (Menon, 1952) Schistura humilis (Lin, 1932) Schistura huongensis Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura imitator Kottelat, 2000 Schistura implicata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura incerta (Nichols, 1931) Schistura indawgyiana (Kottelat, 2017) Schistura irregularis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura isostigma Kottelat, 1998 Schistura jarutanini Kottelat, 1990 Schistura kampucheensis Bohlen et al., 2016 Schistura kangjupkhulensis (Hora, 1921) Schistura kaysonei Vidthayanon & Jaruthanin, 2002 Schistura kengtungensis (Fowler, 1936) Schistura kessleri (Günther, 1889) Schistura khamtanhi Kottelat, 2000 Schistura khugae Vishwanath & Shanta, 2004 Schistura kloetzliae Kottelat, 2000 Schistura klydonion Kottelat, 2017 Schistura kohatensis Mirza & Banarescu, 1981 Schistura kohchangensis (Smith, 1933) Schistura kongphengi Kottelat, 1998 Schistura kontumensis Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura kottelati Ho, Hoang & Ngo 2018 Schistura larketensis Choudhury et al., 2017 Schistura laterimaculata Kottelat, 1990 Schistura latidens Kottelat, 2000 Schistura latifasciata (Zhu & Wang, 1985) Schistura lepidocaulis Mirza & Nalbant, 1981 Schistura leukensis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura liyaiensis Lokeshwor & Vishwanath, 2014 Schistura lindbergi (Banarescu & Mirza, 1965) Schistura longa (Zhu, 1982) Schistura machensis (Mirza & Nalbant, 1970) Schistura macrocephalus Kottelat, 2000 Schistura macrolepis Mirza & Banarescu, 1981 Schistura macrotaenia (Yang, 1990) Schistura maculiceps (Roberts, 1989)

Schistura madhavai Sudasinghe, 2017 Schistura maepaiensis Kottelat, 1990 Schistura magnifluvis Kottelat, 1990 Schistura mahnerti Kottelat, 1990 Schistura malaisei Kottelat, 1990 Schistura manipurensis (Chaudhuri, 1912) Schistura megalodon Endruweit, 2014 Schistura melarancia Kottelat, 2000 Schistura menanensis (Smith, 1945) Schistura microlabra Mirza & Nalbant, 1981 Schistura minutus Vishwanath & Shanta Kumar, 2006 Schistura mizoramensis Lalramliana et al., 2014 Schistura moeiensis Kottelat, 1990 Schistura montana McClelland, 1838 Schistura musa Kottelat, 2017 Schistura nagaensis (Menon, 1987) Schistura nagodiensis Sreekantha, Gururaja, Remadevi, Indra & Ramachandra, 2006 Schistura nalbanti (Banarescu & Mirza, 1972) Schistura namboensis Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura namiri (Krupp & Schneider, 1991) Schistura nandingensis (Zhu & Wang, 1985) Schistura naseeri (Ahmad & Mirza, 1963) Schistura nasifilis (Pellegrin, 1936) Schistura nicholsi (Smith, 1933) Schistura nielseni Nalbant & Bianco, 1998 Schistura niulanjiangensis Chen, Lu & Mao, 2006 Schistura nomi Kottelat, 2000 Schistura notostigma (Bleeker, 1863) Schistura novemradiata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura nubigena Kottelat, 2017 Schistura nudidorsum Kottelat, 1998 Schistura obeini Kottelat, 1998 Schistura oedipus (Kottelat, 1988) Schistura orthocauda (May, 1978) Schistura pakistanica (Mirza & Banarescu, 1969) Schistura papulifera Kottelat, Harries & Proudlove, 2007 Schistura paraxena Endruweit, 2017 Schistura paucicincta Kottelat, 1990 Schistura paucifasciata (Hora, 1929) Schistura personata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura pertica Kottelat, 2000 Schistura pervagata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura poculi (Smith, 1945) Schistura porthos Kottelat, 2000 Schistura prashadi (Hora, 1921) Schistura prashari (Hora, 1933) Schistura pridii Vidthayanon, 2003 Schistura procera Kottelat, 2000 Schistura pseudofasciolata Zhou & Cui, 1993 Schistura psittacula Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura punctifasciata Kottelat, 1998 Schistura punjabensis (Hora, 1923) Schistura quaesita Kottelat, 2000 Schistura quasimodo Kottelat, 2000 Schistura rara (Zhu & Cao, 1987) Schistura rebuw Choudhury et al., 2019 Schistura reidi (Smith, 1945) Schistura rendahli (Banarescu & Nalbant, 1968) Schistura reticulata Vishwanath & Nebeshwar, 2004 Schistura reticulofasciata (Singh & Banarescu, 1982) Schistura rikiki Kottelat, 2000 Schistura robertsi Kottelat, 1990 Schistura rupecula McClelland, 1838 Schistura russa Kottelat, 2000 Schistura samantica (Banarescu & Nalbant, 1978) Schistura sargadensis (Nikolskii, 1900) Schistura savona (Hamilton, 1822) Schistura scaturigina McClelland, 1839 Schistura schultzi (Smith, 1945) Schistura semiarmata (Day, 1867) Schistura sertata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura sexcauda (Fowler, 1937) Schistura seyhanicola Erk'Akan, Nalbant & Özeren, 2007 Schistura shadiwalensis Mirza & Nalbant, 1981 Schistura sharavathiensis Sreekantha, Gururaja, Remadevi, Indra & Ramachandra, 2006 Schistura sigillata Kottelat, 2000 Schistura sijuensis (Menon, 1987) Schistura similis Kottelat, 1990 Schistura sirindhornae Suvarnaraksha, 2015 Schistura sokolovi Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura sombooni Kottelat, 1998 Schistura speculi Kottelat, 2004 Schistura spiesi Vidthayanon & Kottelat, 2003 Schistura spiloptera (Valenciennes, 1846) Schistura spilota (Fowler, 1934) Schistura stala Endruweit, 2017 Schistura suber Kottelat, 2000 Schistura susannae Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura systomos (Kottelat, 2017) Schistura tenura Kottelat, 2000 Schistura thanho Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura tigrinum Vishwanath & Nebeshwar Sharma, 2005 Schistura tirapensis Kottelat, 1990 Schistura tizardi Kottelat, 2000 Schistura thavonei Kottelat, 2017 Schistura tubulinaris Kottelat, 1998 Schistura vinciguerrae (Hora, 1935) Schistura waltoni (Fowler, 1937) Schistura wanlainensis Kottelat, 2017 Schistura xhatensis Kottelat, 2000 Schistura yersini Freyhof & Serov, 2001 Schistura zonata McClelland, 1839

At the beginning of 2019, 241 species of loach will be included in the genus Schistura . However, it is not monophyletic , but is divided into three clades . One forms the sister group of Homatula together with Sectoria heterognathos , the second clade comprises different Schistura species together with Turcinoemacheilus kosswigi and Nemacheilus corica and the third consists of Schistura species that occur in the Mae Klong river area in western Thailand.

supporting documents

1. ↑ Ho Anh Tuan, Hoang Ngoc Thao, Ngo Xuan Quang: Schistura kottelati, a new species of loach from the Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park in central Vietnam (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66, 2018; Pp. 142-148. ( Full text )
2. ↑ Katherine Sgouros, Lawrence M. Page, Sarah A. Orlofske and Robert C. Jadin. 2019. A Revised Molecular Phylogeny Reveals Polyphyly in Schistura (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae). Zootaxa . 4559 (2); 349-362. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4559.2.8

literature

• Maurice Kottelat (2012): Conspectus cobitidum: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei) (PDF; 5.7 MB) . The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplementum No. 26, 199 pp.
• Lan-Ping Zheng, Jun-Xing Yang & Xiao-Yong Chen: Schistura prolixifasciata , a new species of loach (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from the Salween basin in Yunnan, China Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, Vol. 23, No. 1, June 2012 © 2012 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich, Germany - ISSN  0936-9902

Web links

Commons : Schistura  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Schistura on Fishbase.org (English)