Eberau Castle
| Eberau Castle | ||
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 Aerial view |
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| Creation time : | circa 13th century | |
| Conservation status: | Received or received substantial parts | |
| Place: | Eberau, Austria
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| Geographical location | 47 ° 6 '12 " N , 16 ° 27' 43" E | |
| Height: | 219 m above sea level A. | |
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The moated castle Schloss Eberau (in Hungarian: Monyorókerék ) is located in the southern Burgenland town of Eberau in the lower Pinkatal near the border crossing to Hungary (Eberau-Szentpeterfa). The castle complex surrounds the place as a fortification. Eberau is the largest moated castle in Austria.
history
In 1221 Eberau was first mentioned in a deed of donation for the St. Gotthard Monastery . According to this, Stephan from the Ják family received consent from Andreas II von Heder to hand over the towns of Pernau , Eberau, Hetföhely, Perwolff and Kölked to the monastery. Even then, a wall and a ditch in the shape of an oval measuring 500 × 300 m were drawn around the town center. The Eberau Castle can already be documented in the 13th and 14th centuries. In 1297 Eberau was handed over to the von Héder and Hedervar family, whose ancestor Hedrich was, as a separate domain . In 1369 Ludwig I confirmed the Swabian Ellerbacher in possession of the rule.
Around 1400 Berthold von Ellerbacher built a mighty moated castle with fortifications to protect the inhabited center on the site of the old castle due to the further development of war technology. This is the only planned renovation of an entire place in Austria in the period around 1400. The moated castle soon came into the possession of the Archbishop of Esztergom Tamas Bakocz , who bequeathed it to his nephew, Count Erdődy . Monyorókerék can also be found in the title of Count Erdődy de Monyorókerék es Monoszló. The castle is still owned by this family.
Current condition
The castle with its multiple moats, of which the outermost water ring encompasses the entire village of Eberau, is one of the largest water weirs in Eastern Europe. This may have helped the castle never to have been captured, with the exception of the occupation by the Red Army at the end of World War II , for whom it was used as accommodation. The ceiling beams of the state rooms on the second floor were used as heating material. Documents from the former family archive, which was located in the castle, were burned. Messages and tally sheets on the walls bear witness to this time.
As a result of the change in the water table, the wooden foundation of the water tower is damaged, which leads to severe static damage.
The castle is not open to the public, with exceptions. At the annual castle plays of the theater association "Theater Grenzenlos" in Eberau, you can visit the inner courtyard of the castle before the performances.
literature
- Georg Clam Martinic : Austrian Castle Lexicon. Castles and ruins, mansions, palaces and palaces. 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 .
- Josef Karl Homma : Burgenland's castles and palaces. Fortresses, ruins, defense towers, fortified churches, local fortifications, local mountains, refuges. Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1961.
- Hans Lajta: Burgenland. An art and culture dictionary. Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-215-05278-4 ( An Austria topic from the Bundesverlag ).
- Laurin Luchner: Castles in Austria. Volume 1: Residences and country estates in Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. Beck, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-406-04507-3 .
- Endre Marosi: Castles in the Austro-Hungarian border area. Roetzer, Eisenstadt 1990, ISBN 3-85374-197-5 ( Burgenland mosaic ).
- Alfred Schmeller : The Burgenland. His works of art, historical forms of life and settlement. 2nd edition. Verlag St. Peter, Salzburg 1968 ( Austrian art monograph 2 = (3)).
- Adelheid Schmeller-Kitt: Burgenland. Schroll, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-7031-0401-5 ( Dehio manual ).
- Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-218-00288-5 .
Web links
- Entry via Eberau Castle to Burgen-Austria
- Southern Burgenland - history of Eberau