Schwarzenau Castle (Waldviertel)

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Schwarzenau Castle (2007)

The Schwarzenau Castle is a Renaissance castle , surrounded by a park , in the midst of the community Schwarzenau in Lower Austria .

history

The Swarcenawe Castle , which originally stood here , was first mentioned in a document in 1150. The pilgrim von Schwarzenau , mentioned in 1197 , who was a follower of Hadmar II von Kuenring , is considered to be the builder . This castle was a four-tower moated castle . It was built to protect the old Horn - Schrems - Gmünd road .

After various feudal lords such as the Counts of Plain-Hardegg and the Counts of Görz-Tirol , the lordship became princely in 1500 .

Around 1580 and 1592, today's castle was built into a Renaissance moated castle. Parts of the castle were reused. The client will have been Reichard Streun, a descendant of Pilgrim. Reichard had studied in Padua and later worked as a diplomat and historian at the court of Matthias Corvinus . The style is reminiscent of the villas he met in Italy.

From 1261 to 1636 the castle remained in the possession of the von Strein family (also Streun), who belong to the families of the Apostles and to which Reichard Streun von Schwarzenau (1538–1600) at Freydegg Castle belonged. That year it was sold to Karl Ulrici von Gänghofen due to the financial situation . As early as 1663, the castle was designated as a place of refuge from the approaching Turks due to its ability to defend itself.

In 1664 Georg Friedrich von Lindenspür bought the rule . His daughter lived there with her husband Jakob Leopold Freiherr Thavonat von Thavon . Her heir daughter, in turn, married Count Franz Adam von Pollheim ( Polheim ). After a fire in 1835, the east wing was rebuilt. The badly damaged south wing was also restored. The palace owes the valuable stucco work from the 18th century in the representative rooms to Franz Adam Graf von Polheim.

It was used as a refugee home during the Second World War , after which it was taken over by the Soviet occupying forces. Both in German and Soviet ownership, it was badly damaged and the inventory was moved to other locations. Parts of the roof structure were heated and partitions torn out.

After the State Treaty , the castle came back into private hands and was restored. From 1991 it was again open to the public for exhibitions.

What is remarkable about this castle is the two-story castle chapel , which was badly damaged during the occupation , but is now often used for weddings due to its ambience. The stucco work was created by the Italian Giovanni Battista d'Allio between 1720 and 1732. The state rooms in the towers and in the west wing were also furnished with rich stucco decorations, such as the so-called playroom in the north tower or the marble hall . But also outbuildings like today's castle tavern, in which the high court used to meet, are decorated with stucco ornaments.

literature

  • Evelyn Benesch, Bernd Euler-Rolle , Claudia Haas, Renate Holzschuh-Hofer, Wolfgang Huber, Katharina Packpfeifer, Eva Maria Vancsa-Tironiek, Wolfgang Vogg: Lower Austria north of the Danube (=  Dehio-Handbuch . Die Kunstdenkmäler Österreichs ). Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna et al. 1990, ISBN 3-7031-0652-2 , p. 1068-1070 .
  • Georg Binder: The Lower Austrian castles and palaces . Volume 2. Hartleben, Vienna 1925.
  • Hellmut Bornemann: Land on the Thaya. History, culture, landscape. A European region between Austria and Moravia . Amalthea, Vienna / Munich 2001, ISBN 978-3-85002-463-1 .
  • Richard Kurt Donin : Venice and the architecture of Vienna and Lower Austria . Association for regional studies of Lower Austria and Vienna, Vienna 1963.
  • Franz Eppel: The Waldviertel . 4th edition. St. Peter, Salzburg 1966.
  • Laurin Luchner: Palaces in Austria I. Residences and country seats in Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland . Beck, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-406-04507-3 .
  • Georg Clam Martinic : Austrian Castle Lexicon . 2nd Edition. Landesverlag, Linz 1992, ISBN 3-85214-559-7 .
  • Franz N. Mehling (Hrsg.): Knaurs culture guide in color. Austria . Droemer Knaur, Munich [a. a.] 1977, ISBN 3-426-04595-8 .
  • Walter Pongratz: Castles and palaces - Litschau, Zwettl, Ottenschlag, Weitra . Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1971.
  • Gerhard Reichhalter, Karin and Thomas Kühtreiber : Castles. Waldviertel and Wachau . 1st edition. Schubert and Franzke, St. Pölten 2001, ISBN 3-7056-0530-5 .
  • Gerhard Stenzel: From castle to castle in Austria . Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1976.

Web links

Commons : Schwarzenau Castle (Waldviertel)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Clam Martinic : Castles and palaces in Austria . A & M, 1991, ISBN 3-902397-50-0 , pp. 188 ( austria-forum.org [accessed February 23, 2020]).

Coordinates: 48 ° 44 ′ 39 ″  N , 15 ° 15 ′ 40 ″  E