Trachenberg Castle
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The Castle Trachenberg (also lock Hatzfeld , Polish Zamek w Żmigrodzie ) is a partially restored ruin in Żmigród ( Trachenberg ) in the Province of Lower Silesia in Poland .
history
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A first castle was first mentioned in 1296. In the 14th century the dukes of Oels built a new castle on the banks of the Bartsch . After the death of Duke Konrad X. , with whom the Oels line of the Glogau branch of the Silesian Piasts expired, Trachenberg and the Duchy of Oels fell to the Crown of Bohemia as a settled fiefdom . Subsequently, the Bohemian King Vladislav II enfeoffed his chamberlain Sigismund von Kurzbach with Trachenberg, which now became a free class rule .
In 1560 a four-storey residential tower was built on the castle grounds. In 1579 and 1605 the fortified castle was badly damaged by fires and attacks by the Swedes. In 1592, the noble family Schaffgotsch acquired the state rule with the castle. The castle was besieged several times during the Thirty Years War . After the execution of General Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch in 1635, his family was expropriated in 1636. In 1642 the castle was captured and fortified by the Swedish general Lennart Torstensson . It then served the Swedes as a base for eight years.
In the second half of the 17th century the property came to the imperial general Melchior von Hatzfeld . Between 1655 and 1660 he built a baroque style palace on the site of the destroyed castle. In the 18th century the complex was expanded several times: between 1706 and 1708 the building was given an additional floor planned by Christoph Hackner, and from 1762 to 1765 the east wing was built according to plans by Carl Gotthard Langhans .
On July 12, 1813, Tsar Alexander I , Crown Prince Johann of Sweden and Friedrich Wilhelm III met in the palace . with envoys from the Austrian emperor and the English king to sign a military alliance plan against Napoleon Bonaparte .
Since 1945
Trachenberg was destroyed during the Second World War. The castle, which was only slightly damaged, was burned down by the Red Army in 1945 . As a result of the Second World War, Trachenberg fell with most of Silesia to Poland in 1945 and was renamed "Żmigród". It was not until the 1970s that the rubble was cleared and most of the ruins were exposed. In 2007, the castle facade and the interior were renovated with EU funding and opened for tourism the following year.
The castle and the 15 hectare English Park have been a listed building since 1956 and 1978 respectively.
architecture
Of the once magnificent castle and its side wings, only the outer walls made of red bricks have been preserved. The front facade of the main building has been restored. It is equipped with eleven window axes with baroque decoration. The three central axes lie in a slightly protruding central projection with a show facade . There is an unadorned tympanum above the main entrance . Above is a door with a small balcony. A coat of arms is emblazoned in the pediment of the risalit.
literature
- Jens Friedhoff : Trachenberg Castle (Zmigrod) in Lower Silesia. Notes on the building history and equipment . In: Castles and Palaces . Vol. 41, 2000, pp. 66-82.
- Izabela Kaczyńska, Tomasz Kaczyński: Polska. Najciekawsze zamki . Sport i Turystyka, Warsaw, 2001, p. 59.
- Helmut Hirsch : Refuge at Trachenberg Castle. An episode from the life of Countess Sophie von Hatzfeldt. In: Silesia. Quarterly journal for art, science and folklore. Volume 26, 1981, pp. 216-221.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Sights , City of Żmigród, accessed on October 14, 2014
- ↑ Żmigród - Hatzfeldschloss (ruins), castle park , Szlaki Kulturowe, accessed on October 14, 2014
- ^ Klaus Klöppel: Breslau: Lower Silesia and its thousand-year-old capital . Trescher Verlag, Berlin, 2014, p. 246
- ↑ List of National Cultural Monuments of Poland , Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa, p. 182 (Polish; PDF)
Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 56.1 " N , 16 ° 54 ′ 59.3" E