Protection of the Abtsdorfer See and the surrounding landscape
The 1979 designated landscape protection area protection of the Abtsdorfer See and the surrounding landscape is a 551.62 hectare landscape protection area in the area of the community Saaldorf-Surheim near Laufen in the district of Berchtesgadener Land in Bavaria . The Haarmoos FFH and bird sanctuary, which was designated in 2004 and has a size of 277.18 hectares, is located within the landscape protection area . The landscape protection area includes the Abtsdorfer See , the Haarmoos lying to the southwest and the surrounding landscape with litter meadows and a small beech forest between the places Loebendorf in the north, Dorfen and Emmering in the west and Abstdorf in the southeast.
Emergence
At the end of the Würm glacial period about 10,000 years ago, the melting Salzach glacier formed the so-called Abtsdorfer Seenplatte.This silted up over time, except for the Abtsdorfer See and the lake in Haarmoos. It formed wet meadows and fens , including the hair or Huimoos. The name Haar / Hui probably means reed or pipe grass. In 1388 the northern outflow, today's Schinderbach, was dammed by two dams and two entrenchments in order to conquer the castle on the island of Burgstall . This greatly enlarged the lake and also took up the areas of the Haar- and Weidmooses. Archbishop Michael Graf von Künberg had the drains reopened in 1558 and the lake shrank. The surroundings became swamps and bogs again. The lake in the Haarmoos disappeared except for a small remnant, which only disappeared through the drainage measures of Prince-Bishop Hieronymus Graf Colloredo of Salzburg from 1772 to 1774 , when he had the drainage ditch deepened to make the land arable. As a result, further development to the high moor was stopped and the Abtsdorfer See sank by almost 2 m. The wet meadows were drained by ditches to gain litter and provided a habitat for many animal and plant species.
Protected area
The hair moss is the largest meadow breeding area in southeast Bavaria and the last large meadow meadow landscape in the Berchtesgadener Land. Together with the Abtsdorder See, it was declared a landscape protection area in 1979 (CDDA code 395782). In 2004, most of the west of the lake became an FFH and bird sanctuary with the area number 8043-371 within the European Natura 2000 network of protected areas . The habitats in the bird sanctuary today are the lime-rich bog, whistle grass meadows , moist tall herbaceous vegetation and extensively used rough meadows .
fauna
In the habitat types in Annex I of the Habitats Directive are corncrake ( Crex crex ), red-backed shrike ( Lanius collurio ), Black Kite ( Milvus migrans ) and red kite ( Milvus milvus ) ago. Migratory birds include meadow pipit ( Anthus pratensis ), quail ( Coturnix coturnix ), gray bunting ( Emberiza calandra ), common snipe ( Gallinago gallinago ), curlew ( Numenius arquata ), whinchat ( Saxicola rubetra ) and lapwing ( Vanellus vanellus ). Of Appendix II species , which, due to their habitat requirements, are considered to be umbrella species for many other species occurring in this habitat, there are the dark ( Glaucopsyche nausithous ) and the light blue-fly ant ( Glaucopsyche teleius ), whose caterpillars on the Large meadow button ( Sanguisorba officinalis ) are tied. Other protected and endangered species are the common frog ( Rana temporaria ) and the narrow diaper snail ( Vertigo angustior ).
flora
On the wet meadows, orchids , globe flowers ( Trollius europaeus ) and cuckoo carnation ( Lychnis flos-cuculi ) are found. Round-leaved sundew ( Drosera rotundifolia ), fever clover ( Menyanthes trifoliata ) and common cranberry ( Vaccinium oxycoccos ) are characteristic of the moor .
protection and care
In order to reduce disturbances to the birds during the breeding season and to protect rare plants, a route plan with visitor guidance measures was introduced in 1987. The meadow breeding areas may therefore not be entered from March 20th to June 15th.
The Wildland Bayern Foundation of the Bavarian Hunting Association has acquired 6.8 hectares of land for meadow breeders since 1988 and maintains them. The state association for bird protection in Bavaria has bought about 50 hectares in Haarmoos and created several sea lakes filled with groundwater. Root stocks were milled out on a wet meadow in order to enable regular mowing.
The mowing of the litter meadows is done by tractors with twin tires in order to distribute the weight better, and late in autumn, as many plants form seeds late, provide cover for birds and the caterpillars of the blue butterfly have to have left the plants and already got into an ant burrow . The main trenches are cleared every three years to enable further cultivation of the areas.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d ecotopics.de: Design of a visitor management concept for the Haarmoos meadow breeding area, 2008 PDF
- ↑ a b c d State Association for Bird Protection in Bavaria, Traunstein district group: Haarmoos online
- ↑ a b Federal Agency for Nature Conservation: Profiles of the Natura 2000 areas 8043-371 Haarmoos (FFH area and EU bird sanctuary) online ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wildland Bayern Foundation: Haarmoos online ( Memento of the original from December 30, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
