Dark stonecrop
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Dark stonecrop ( Sedum atratum ) |
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The dark stonecrop ( Sedum atratum ) belongs to the genus of the fatty hens .
description
The dark stonecrop is one of the few annual high mountain plants (annual overwintering). The plant becomes between 2 and 7 (rarely 10) cm high. The close-up leaves are club-shaped and thick-fleshed. They become 4–6 mm long. The sepals are pointed and not plump. Flowers are in a 3 to 6-flowered flattened corymb and are 5–8 mm wide. The petals are whitish to yellow-green, often reddish and longer than the sepals.
The flowering period extends from the beginning of June to August, with the plants in shady locations sometimes still blooming until September.
The species has chromosome number 2n = 16.
ecology
The seeds germinate as early as autumn and overwinter as seedlings under the blanket of snow. Bad years can also survive without fruit set.
Systematics
In Austria two subspecies can be distinguished:
- Common dark stonecrop ( Sedum atratum subsp. Atratum ) The plant is usually reddish-brown with a reddish crown. It is usually smaller than Sedum atratum subsp. carinthiacum . Rare in the south, there mostly replaced by the following subspecies. In Austria it is absent in Burgenland and Vienna .
- Carinthian dark stonecrop ( Sedum atratum subsp. Carinthiacum (Pacher) DA Webb ) plant mostly yellowish-green (hardly reddish overflowing). Crown greenish-yellow, rarely tinged with reddish tones. Scattered in the south, otherwise rare. In Austria in Carinthia , but exact distribution unknown (other distribution is the Balkan Peninsula ).
Whether the division into the two subspecies atratum and carinthiacum is justified appears questionable in the area. The mere difference in the anthocyanin content (red color) can, according to Fischer et al. not justify.
Occurrence
The plant is found in the Alps and Pyrenees , the Apennines and Carpathians to the Balkans . Chalky soils, open and loose lawns as well as rock and rubble corridors are preferred as locations. The species is a character species of the association Seslerion, but also occurs in societies of the association Thlaspiom rotundifolii. It is distributed subalpine to alpine (about 1000 to 3100 m). In the Allgäu Alps in Bavaria, it rises up to 2000 meters above sea level on the Nebelhorn .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 482 .
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 646-647.
literature
- Xaver Finkenzeller: Alpenblumen , Munich 2003, ISBN 3-576-11482-3
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
Web links
- Dark stonecrop. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Dark stonecrop . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Sedum atratum L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 31, 2015.
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )