Scipio Sighele

Scipio Sighele (born June 24, 1868 in Brescia , † October 21, 1913 in Florence ) was an Italian criminologist , anthropologist and pioneer of mass psychology . He taught at the universities of Brussels , Rome and Pisa .

Scipio Sighele

Life

Scipio Sighele was born in Brescia into a family of Italian lawyers. His father, a civil servant, became the Royal Plenipotentiary (procureur du roi) in Palermo in the years following the unification of Italy .

After finishing school, he studied law with Guglielmo Ferrero and Adolfo Zerboglio, both later supporters of Cesare Lombroso , under the criminalist Enrico Ferri . He dedicated his Tesi di laurea to the phenomenon of complicity.

In 1891 he published two articles on the criminal mass in the Lombroso magazine Archivio di Psichiatria . These articles formed the core of his major work La Folla delinquente , published a little later and which was distributed internationally. It was translated into French under the title La Foule criminelle . The German translation, Psychologie des Auflauf und der Massenkrme , was done in 1897 by Hans Kurella . The work describes phenomena of mass formation and contagion, and it analyzes the mechanisms that work in the masses.

Sighele described the criminal tendency of collective associations. Gustave Le Bon was strongly influenced by these ideas in his own work. The now famous Sighele expanded his research into the field of collective psychology. In France, Émile Zola , Émile Durkheim and Max Nordau used his discoveries in the fields of literature, sociology and politics. Sighele published La Psychologie des Sectes (1895) and new editions of his Opus major La Foule Criminelle in France .

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries he became an active fighter in Trentino , his parents' home region, which was then under Austrian rule. Sighele reduced his sociological work to devote himself to journalism and political studies. His latest work covers the national question and irredentism , of which he was the theorist. Expelled from Trentino by the Austrians in 1912 because of his activities, he owned a villa in Nago on Lake Garda , he died in Florence in 1913.

Plaque

Memorial plaque in Florence (Via Poggi 9)

The memorial plaque for Scipio Sighele in Via Poggi 9 in Florence has the following inscription (with German translation):

SCIPIO SIGHELE NATO A BRESCIA DI FAMIGLIA TRENTINA IL 24 GIUGNO 1868 MORTO IL 21 OTTOBRE 1913 IN QUESTA CASA DOVE ERA VISSUTO SETTE ANNI TUTTA LA SUA FERVIDA OPERA DI SCRITTORE DI GIUGNELLALISTA DI GIUGNELLALISTA DI GIUGNELLA UA NA NANE MANZIATE ADEMANZIATO ARD. L'AUSTRIA AD ESSE SEMPRE NEMICA LO ONORÒ DI PROCESSI E DI BANDO SOLO ALLA SUA SALMA CONSENTENDO LA TERRA ADORATA DI NAGO OVE ESSA ORA ESULTA ALLE SANTE GESTA DELLA NUOVA ITALIA CHE EGLI NEI SUOI ​​SCRITTI AUSPICÒG PER DECIO 19th 19TH - 13TH MAGAZINE AUSPICÒG

Scipio Sighele was born in Brescia into a Trentino family on June 24, 1868, died on October 21, 1913 in this house where he had lived for seven years. All his enthusiastic work as a writer, journalist and scientist inspired an ardent belief in the fatherland and humanity. Austria, always hostile honored him with processes and exile only his mortal coil the revered earth was of Nago granted where she exults over the holy deeds of the new Italy he in his writings foresaw a decision of the Community - May 13, 1917

Quotes

"Et il n'y a pas d'ironie dans ce que j'écris; je pense que lorsqu'on adopte nos idées sans nous citer, c'est le genre d'éloge le moins suspect qui puisse nous être adressé." (Sighele on Le Bon, in the foreword to La foule criminelle , 1901)

"I believe I can say that the essential content of the broader research by Le Bon can already be found in Sighele." ( Hans Kurella in the preface to his German translation.)

Fonts

• La folla delinquente: studio di psicologia collettiva. Torino etc .: Bocca 1891 ( Biblioteca antropologico-giuridica . Ser. 2; Vol. 15)
• La Foule Criminelle. Paris 1892 (the 2nd edition from 1901 has been completely revised) ( digitized ; PDF file; 2.5 MB)
• Le crime a deux. Paris and Lyon: Storck et Masson 1893 (Bibliothèque de criminologie)
• Psychologie des Sectes , 1898 (also Paris 1908) Digitized (1908) , Bibliothèque Sociologique Internationale XIII
• Un pays de criminels-nés. Paris and Lyon: Storck et Masson 1896 (Bibliothèque de criminologie)
• La delinquency settaria . Milan: Treves 1897
• Psychology of the Casserole and Mass Crime. Authorized German translation by Dr. Hans Kurella . Dresden and Leipzig: Verlag von Carl Reissner 1897 digitized version (The German translation is based on the 1st edition, which is considered obsolete by the 1901 Paris edition, which was revised by the author.)
• Letteratura e sociologia. Milano: Treves 1914

Web links

Commons : Scipio Sighele  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Scipio Sighele in the catalog of the German National Library
• Full text of "La foule criminelle. Essai de psychologie collective (Paris 1901)" (French)