Unité urbaine
Unité urbaine (German urban settlement unit ) is from the French Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques used (INSEE) concept of settlement geography , of an urban settlement, settlement zone or agglomeration describes.
definition
According to the definition of the INSEE, a unité urbaine is a municipality or a group of contiguous municipalities on the territory of which there is a built-up area with more than 2,000 inhabitants, in which no house is more than 200 meters away from the next. In addition, at least half of the population of each of the affected communities must live within this closed built-up zone in order for it to be counted as part of the unité urbaine. If a unité urbaine includes several municipalities, it is also called agglomération multicommunale or agglomération urbaine , if it only includes one municipality, it is also known as ville isolée .
The political and administrative boundaries above the municipal level are irrelevant for the delimitation of the Unités urbaines, so that these can also include municipalities that belong to different departments or regions and in some cases even to different states.
All communes that are part of a unité urbaine are classified as urban communes ( communes urbaines ) according to the definition of the INSEE , their population is classified as urban population . The other municipalities are considered rural municipalities ( communes rurales ).
statistics
Based on the results of the 1999 census, INSEE identified 2,055 unités urbaines in France , 1,995 of which were in European France and 60 in overseas territories. The Unités urbaines of European France had a total of 44,200,000 inhabitants, which corresponds to a proportion of the urban population of 75.5% out of a total population of 58,500,000.
The delimitation of the Unités urbaines is updated by the INSEE after each census.
Number of unités urbaines in France by size:
| Population (1999) | Europe | Overseas | total |
|---|---|---|---|
| over 1,000,000 | 4th | 4th | |
| 500,000 to 999,999 | 6th | 6th | |
| 200,000 to 499,999 | 20th | 20th | |
| 100,000 to 199,999 | 23 | 4th | 27 |
| 50,000 to 99,999 | 61 | 3 | 64 |
| 20,000 to 49,999 | 119 | 13 | 132 |
| 10,000 to 19,999 | 222 | 13 | 235 |
| 5,000 to 9,999 | 465 | 19th | 484 |
| 2,000 to 4,999 | 1,072 | 8th | 1,080 |
| under 2,000 | 3 | 3 | |
| total | 1 995 | 60 | 2,055 |
Largest unités urbaines in France
At the time of the 2006 census, France had the following Unités urbaines with over 200,000 inhabitants (each named after the largest and most central municipality):
| Unité urbaine | Inhabitants (2006) | Area in km² (1999) |
Municipalities (1999) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Paris | 10,142,983 | 2,723.03 | 396 |
| 2 | Marseille - Aix-en-Provence | 1,418,482 | 1,289.59 | 38 |
| 3 | Lyon | 1,417,461 | 954.19 | 102 |
| 4th | Lille (without the Belgian part) | 1.016.205 | 450.26 | 62 |
| 5 | Nice | 940.018 | 721.08 | 50 |
| 6th | Toulouse | 850.876 | 808.14 | 72 |
| 7th | Bordeaux | 803.155 | 1,057.03 | 51 |
| 8th | Nantes | 568,743 | 475.62 | 20th |
| 9 | Toulon | 543.065 | 713.15 | 26th |
| 10 | Douai - Lens | 512,463 | 489.14 | 68 |
| 11 | Strasbourg (without the German part) | 440.264 | 222.43 | 20th |
| 12 | Grenoble | 427,659 | 324.78 | 34 |
| 13 | Rouen | 388,798 | 267.64 | 31 |
| 14th | Valenciennes (without the Belgian part) | 355.660 | 506.51 | 61 |
| 15th | Nancy | 331.278 | 314.24 | 37 |
| 16 | Metz | 322,948 | 362.50 | 47 |
| 17th | Montpellier | 318.223 | 154.39 | 11 |
| 18th | Tours | 306.973 | 420.60 | 23 |
| 19th | Saint-Etienne | 286,399 | 231.22 | 17th |
| 20th | Rennes | 282,550 | 184.83 | 10 |
| 21st | Avignon | 273,360 | 507.91 | 22nd |
| 22nd | Orleans | 269.284 | 289.52 | 19th |
| 23 | Clermont-Ferrand | 260,658 | 180.77 | 17th |
| 24 | Bethune | 259.294 | 389.59 | 60 |
| 25th | Le Havre | 238,777 | 153.17 | 14th |
| 27 | Mulhouse | 238,637 | 215.03 | 19th |
| 26th | Dijon | 238.088 | 166.03 | 15th |
| 28 | Angers | 227,771 | 226.92 | 12 |
| 29 | Reims | 212.022 | 94.30 | 7th |
| 30th | Brest | 206.393 | 219.70 | 8th |
Related terms
The terms Aire urbaine and Espace urbain , which are defined in terms of economic geography and which, in the terminology of INSEE, denote the socio-economic sphere of influence of one or more Unités urbaines, must be distinguished from the term Unité urbaine .
The Communauté urbaine and the Communauté d'agglomération must also be distinguished from the Unité urbaine . Their boundaries are often roughly based on those of a Unité urbaine, but are not necessarily congruent with this one. In addition, such community associations only exist in some of the statistically recorded urban agglomerations.