Seebach (Leimbach)

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The Seebach is a former brook, which was largely in the area of ​​the municipality of Sandhausen in the southern Rhein-Neckar district . Until the late Middle Ages, it was the main course of what is now known as the Leimbach river system.

course

The Seebach branched off from today's Leimbach roughly where the districts of Walldorf , Wiesloch and Nußloch meet. The exact location is unknown today, it may have shifted due to changes in the water network during the period of its existence. It is to be limited to the area between the former Dornmühle near the Wiesloch-Walldorf train station and the west bend of the Hardtbach , which is about 400 meters after crossing under the district road between Walldorf and Nussloch. From the junction of the Seebach flowed in a northerly direction, crossing the border district to Sandhausen, moved further along the eastern edge of the Hardt Forest and between this and the on the district St. Ilgen located sand hump therethrough. Today the Gewann See is located here . Further north, it followed the eastern slope of the protected horse drive dune and then today's Seestrasse. From this area the Seebach was the eastern border of the historic town center of Sandhausen. In the course of Heidelberger Strasse, immediately after it branched off from the main road, the path from the village in the direction of Heidelberg crossed the Seebach initially through a ford , which was paved with the remains of Roman buildings, and later over a bridge that replaced the ford. Remains of both were discovered during construction work in the early 1990s. From the beginning of the 1990s it has been proven that silver was refined there between around the years 800 to 950 . This resulted in remains containing heavy metals that were washed downriver by the water, in particular sheet metal .

Towards the northern end of Sandhausen the Seebach flowed more and more in a north-westerly direction and finally reached today's Leimbachaue, some hundred meters wide. At times up to three parallel bodies of water ran in it, after a restructuring in the middle of the 18th century only two, the (new) Leimbach and the Landgraben . It is not known whether the Seebach continued in the direction of Oftersheim, at least in the early days of its independent existence in the floodplain, or whether the old and new runs of the Leimbach reunited shortly after Sandhausen. The southernmost course, which is closest to the estuary, was used by a stream called Schweinsgraben until the aforementioned redesign . First mentioned in Sandhausen in 1609, it ran there roughly in the middle between Seebach and the new Leimbach.

history

The Seebach was the main body of water in the so-called Schwarzach brook system , which first appeared by name in the 8th century and last in 1063. After that, it was referred to as Angelbach or simply a brook , sometimes with place names. It was not until the 18th century that the name Leimbach , which is still used today, became established .

In particular, the Seebach itself was first mentioned in the area of ​​Sandhausen in 1460 in connection with a land swap in the Lochheimer Feld, that is, near the Lochheim desert . In 1492 a distinction was made for Walldorf between the Wieslocher Bach , which followed the current course of the Leimbach, and the Seebach. Both the exact time and the reason for the eastward shift of the main run to its current bed are not yet known.

At the latest with the construction of the Hardtbach around 1601, the Seebach began to silt up. It was last mentioned in 1835 in connection with a pier at the point where the road from Sandhausen to Nussloch crossed it. In the area north of the town there was an elongated depression well into the 20th century, which is also shown on contemporary topographical maps .

The motive for the naming remained unclear for a long time; a connection with a wetland in the Gewann See was postulated . But it was not until the end of the 1990s that it was possible to prove that a lake actually existed in the area in which the Seebach began. This Leimbachsee existed from at least the early Hallstatt period until the high Middle Ages .

Relics

The Hardtbach, which emerged later, may use a short part of the Seebach upper course, the Landgraben the lower course; the exact relationships between Sandhausen and Oftersheim are unclear. The longest middle section of the run, however, has completely disappeared, its area has become part of the built-up area of ​​Sandhausen. A few corridor names and street names derived from them are still reminiscent of the Seebach: Seestrasse and Zwischen den Bächen , located between the Seebach and the Schweinsgraben, which has also gradually silted up and has been finally abandoned since 1959. The name of the Gewanns See could refer to the brook as well as to a branch of the Leimbachsee.

literature

  • Gerhard Reichhold: The corridor and street names. In: Community Sandhausen (ed.): Home directory of the community Sandhausen . Sandhausen 1986, ISBN 3-920431-56-1 , pp. 217-271.
  • Ludwig H. Hildebrandt: Heavy metal pollution caused by historical mining in the Wiesloch area , Karlsruhe 1997, pp. 173-180. Digitized version on the website of the State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg, PDF file, 8.71 MB.
  • Ingmar Holzhauer: Landscape history and human influence in the area around the Schwetzinger Hardt since the Würm High Glacial . Dissertation, Heidelberg 2013. Digitized version on the document server of the Heidelberg University Library, PDF file, 13.4 MB.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Uwe Gross, Ludwig H. Hildebrandt, Heiko Steuer: A knife sheath fitting from around 1200 from Sandhausen near Heidelberg. Journal for Archeology of the Middle Ages, Volume 21, 1993, Pages 71–86. Available online , PDF file, 10.4 MB.
  2. ↑ Uwe Gross, Ludwig H. Hildebrandt: An emergency rescue in the medieval desolation of Lochheim, community Sandhausen, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis In: Kraichgau. Contributions to landscape and local research , Volume 17, 2001, pp. 39–41. Digitized on the document server of the Heidelberg University Library.
  3. ^ Ludwig H. Hildebrandt: New knowledge about the early history of Walldorf . In: Kraichgau. Contributions to local research, volume 15, 1997, ISBN 3-921214-14-9 , pp. 89-103.