Sea hares
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Sea hare ( Cyclopterus lumpus ) |
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| Bonaparte , 1831 |
The sea hares (Cyclopteridae) or lumpy ( English lump "lumps") are a family of bull relatives (Cottales) and live in temperate, cold and arctic areas of the Atlantic and Pacific .
The family's scientific name is composed of the Greek words κύκλος kyklos for "circle" and πτέρυξ pteryx for "fin" and refers to the circular pectoral fins of most species of sea hare.
features
Sea hares grow to be two to 60 centimeters long. Your body is plump and looks inflated like a balloon. The thick skin is not scaly, but has tubercles and bony thorns arranged in longitudinal rows. The pelvic fins are transformed into a suction disk with which the fish can hold on to rocks, driftwood or perch. Sea hares have two separate dorsal fins , but the first is only clearly developed in juvenile fish, in adult fish there is only one row of humps left. The mouth and gill openings are small and there is no swim bladder .
Fin formula : dorsal IV – VIII / 8–13, anal 7–13.
Systematics
There are 3 subfamilies, 4 genera and about 30 species .
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- Subfamily Cyclopterinae
- Genus Cyclopterus
- Sea hare ( Cyclopterus lumpus ) Linnaeus, 1758
- Genus Cyclopterus
- Subfamily Liparopsinae
- Genus Aptocyclus
- Aptocyclus ventricosus Pallas, 1769
- Genus Aptocyclus
- Subfamily Eumicrotreminae Oku et al., 2017
- Genus Cyclopsis
- Cyclopsis tentacularis Popov, 1930
- Genus Eumicrotremus Gill, 1862
- Eumicrotremus andriashevi Perminov, 1936
- Eumicrotremus asperrimus Tanaka, 1912
- Eumicrotremus awae (Jordan & Snyder, 1902)
- Eumicrotremus barbatus (Lindberg & Legeza, 1955)
- Eumicrotremus bergi (Popov, 1929) ; possibly a synonym of Eumicrotremus asperrimus (the young males)
- Eumicrotremus brashnikowi (Schmidt, 1904)
- Eumicrotremus derjugini Popov, 1926
- Eumicrotremus eggvinii Koefoed, 1956
- Eumicrotremus fedorovi (Mandrytsa, 1991)
- Eumicrotremus gyrinops Garman, 1892
- Eumicrotremus inarmatus (Mednikov & Prokhorov, 1956)
- Eumicrotremus jindoensis Lee et al., 2017
- Eumicrotremus jordani (Soldatov, 1929)
- Eumicrotremus mcalpini (Fowler, 1914)
- Eumicrotremus multituberculatus Voskoboinikova, 2018
- Eumicrotremus orbis Günther, 1861
- Eumicrotremus popovi (Soldatov, 1929)
- Eumicrotremus pacificus Schmidt, 1904
- Eumicrotremus schmidti Lindberg & Legeza, 1955
- Eumicrotremus soldatovi Popov, 1930
- Eumicrotremus spinosus Fabricius, 1776
- Eumicrotremus taranetzi Perminov, 1936
- Eumicrotremus tartaricus Lindberg & Legeza, 1955
- Eumicrotremus terraenovae Myers & Böhlke, 1950
- Eumicrotremus tokranovi (Voskoboinikova, 2015)
- Eumicrotremus uenoi Lee et al., 2017
- Genus Cyclopsis
use
The eggs of the sea hare ( Cyclopterus lumpus ), which lives on the coast of the North Atlantic, are sold as a caviar substitute , "German caviar" or "caviar of the north". They are high in omega-3 fatty acids , iodine, potassium and selenium.
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
- Kurt Fiedler: Textbook of Special Zoology, Volume II, Part 2: Fish , Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1991, ISBN 3-334-00339-6 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Oku, K., Imamura, H. & Yabe, M. (2017): Phylogenetic relationships and a new classification of the family Cyclopteridae (Perciformes: Cottoidei). Zootaxa , Vol 4221, No 1: 1-59. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4221.1.1
- ↑ Hatano, M., Abe, T., Wada, T. & Munehara, H. (2015): Ontogenetic metamorphosis and extreme sexual dimorphism in lumpsuckers: Eumicrotremus asperrimus, Cyclopteropsis bergi and Cyclopteropsis lindbergi, may be synonymous. Journal of Fish Biology, 86 (3): 1121-1128.
- ↑ a b splash of color caviar. In: Catering Management , No. 11/2016 of November 7, 2016, p. 17.
Web links
- Sea hares on Fishbase.org (English)