Serhiy Podolynskyi

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Serhiy Podolynskyi

Serhiy Andriyovych Podolynskyj ( Ukrainian Сергій Андрійович Подолинський , Russian Сергей Андреевич Подолинский / Sergei Andreyevich Podolinski * July 19 . Jul / 31 July  1850 greg. In Nowa Jaroslawka , Kiev Governorate , Russian Empire ; † June 30 jul. / 12th July  1891 greg. In Kiev , Russian Empire) was a Ukrainian physicist and socialist.

family

He came from a family with rich land holdings and was the son of a senior postal worker. His mother was the daughter of a French ambassador who had served under Napoleon .

Education

Serhiy Podolynskyj had studied at the physical-mathematical faculty of the Kiefer University and received the degree of candidate in natural sciences. In Kiev he also attended a circle of the economist Nikolai Ivanovich Sieber (1844–1888). In 1872 he began studying medicine with Claude Bernard in Paris , and later continued his studies in Zurich and at the Physics Institute in Breslau . He met Karl Marx through Pyotr Lavrovich Lavrov .

Socialism and the unity of physical forces

His main work “The work of people and their relationship to energy distribution” has appeared in four different languages ​​and in different versions. In it he tries to make the concept of work in the labor theory of value as used by Marx physically comprehensible. The starting point is that all energy accumulated on earth comes mainly from the sun and to a lesser extent from the interior of the earth ( geothermal energy ) and from the moon ( tidal forces ) and man only works with this energy to keep it from dispersing . According to this theory, human life essentially depends on how the electricity from solar energy is used. He deals with the sayings of three famous economists:

" Quesnay said:" Work is unproductive. " Adam Smith -" Only work is productive. " Say -" Work is productive, the forces of nature are productive and the capitals are productive ". Is it possible to reconcile such contradictions? "

- Human work and unity of strength. In: The new time. Review of intellectual and public life. Volume 1, 1883, p. 455

His conclusion is that the energetic point of view is consistent with the view that work creates value.

Similar approaches were developed by Leslie White , Wilhelm Ostwald, and Frederick Soddy , but apparently unaware of Podolynskyj's work.

Reception by Marx and Engels

We have survived two letters from Podolynskyj to Marx (March 30, 1880 and December 19, 1880). Marx's letters of reply have not survived. Marx noted Podolynskyj's address in his notebook and made an excerpt in his “Booklet XI” on pages 47 to 49. Marx also informed Friedrich Engels about the work of Podolynskyj. Engels commented negatively on Podolynskyi's essay. Marx excerpted the article Le Travail humain et la Conservation de l'Energie (1880). This work by Marx is included in Marx-Engels Complete Edition, Section IV. Excerpts and Notes . Volume 27 will appear.

Works

  • The steam engine (in Ukrainian)
  • About poverty (in Ukrainian)
  • The life and health of the population in Ukraine
  • Crafts and factories in Ukraine (1880)
  • Le Travail Humain et la Conversation de l'Energie . In: Revue internationale des sciences biologiques . Octave Doin, Paris 1880, Vol. 5, pp. 57-80.
  • Socialism, nihilism, terrorism. In: La Revue. Socialist. No. 6, Lyon 1880, pp. 304-306.
  • Le Socialisme et l'Unité des Forces Physiques. In: La Revue. Socialist. No. 8, Lyon 1880, pp. 353-365.
  • Trud cheloveka i ego otnoshenie k raspredeleniiu energii. In: Slovo. No. 4/5, Saint Petersburg 1880, pp. 135–211.
  • The socialismo e l'unità delle forze fisiche. In: la Plebe. Volume XIV, New Series, No. 3, pp. 13-16, and No. 4, pp. 5-15, Milan 1881. reappeared in Quaderni di storia ecologica. No. 1, December 1991, Milan, pp. 139-152.
  • Socialism and the unity of physical forces. In: Workers Weeks Chronicle. No. 32, 33, 37, Budapest 1881.
  • Human work and unity of strength. In: The new time . Review of intellectual and public life. Volume 1, 1883, Part 1: Issue 9, pp. 413-424 digitized , Part 2: Issue 10, pp. 449-457 digitized

Secondary literature

  • Karl Marx : Commentary on Le Travail humain et la Conservation de l'Energie , MEGA . IV. Dept., Volume 27 (not yet published)
  • Juan Martinez -Alier: Energy calculation and the concept of »productive forces « (PDF; 3.4 MB) , PROKLA 1987, pp. 67, 71 ff.
  • Fritz Söllner: Thermodynamics and Environmental Economics (Habilitation), 1996, p. 149 ff.
  • VS Česnokov: Sergej Andreevič Podolinskij. 1850-1891 . Nauka, Moscow 2001 (2, 2006 edition) The most detailed work on him, including the copy of Marx's conspectus, letters and the article from “Slovo”.
  • John Bellamy Foster and Paul Burkett: Ecological Economics and Classical Marxism: The "Podolinsky Business" Reconsidered . In: Organization Environment. 2004, edition 17, p. 32 ff., German: Metabolism, energy and entropy in Marx's Critique of Political Economy Beyond the Podolinsky Myth, Part 1 in: PROKLA 159, p. ?? ff .; Part 2 in: PROKLA 160, p. ?? ff.
  • Thomas Gehrig: The entropic Marx. A request to Marxism to leave the Entropy Church in the thermodynamic village in: PROKLA 165, pp. 619–644.
  • Valerij Formićev: Marx's excerpt from SA Podolinsky: Le Travail Humain et la Conversation de l'Energie (Revue internationale des sciences biologiques, 1880) . In: Contributions to Marx-Engels research. New episode 2012 . Argument, Hamburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-86754-680-5 , pp. 112-124.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ John Bellamy Foster and Paul Burkett: Ecological Economics and Classical Marxism: The "Podolinsky Business" Reconsidered ( Memento of December 17, 2005 in the Internet Archive ). In: Organization Environment. 2004, issue 17, pp. 32, 35.
  2. ↑ Podolynskyj to Lavrov March 24, 1880 (Valerij Formićev, p. 116).
  3. ↑ Trud čeloveka i ego otnošenie k raspredeleniju énergii . In: Slovo . cit. 1880, No. 4-5, pp. 135-211.
  4. ↑ Juan Martinez-Alier: Energy calculation and the concept of »productive forces « (PDF; 3.4 MB) , PROKLA 1987, 67, 71, 80.
  5. ↑ Juan Martinez-Alier: Energy calculation and the concept of »productive forces « (PDF; 3.4 MB) , PROKLA 1987, 67, 71, 84.
  6. ↑ Valerij Formićev, p. 112.
  7. ^ RGASPI, Moscow Fond 1, opis 1 delo 2940. Assumptions that this excerpt was not publicly accessible in the past are incorrect. (Valerij Formićev, p. 115).
  8. ↑ Engels to Marx of December 19, 1882 (MEW 35, 133) and December 22, 1882 (MEW 35, 136)
  9. ^ John Bellamy Foster / Paul Burkett: Marx and the Earth: An Anti-Critique . Brill, Leiden / Boston 2016, p. 118 .
  10. ^ John Bellamy Foster and Paul Burkett: Ecological Economics and Classical Marxism: The "Podolinsky Business" Reconsidered ( Memento of December 17, 2005 in the Internet Archive ). In: Organization Environment. 2004, issue 17, pp. 32, 49.
  11. ↑ Valerij Formićev, p. 115.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Podolynskyj, Serhiy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Podolynskyj, Serhiy Andrijowytsch (full name); Podolinski, Sergei Andrejewitsch; Подолинський, Сергій Андрійович (ukS-Cyrl); Подолинский, Сергей Андреевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian physicist and socialist
DATE OF BIRTH July 31, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Nowa Jaroslawka , Kiev Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH July 12, 1891
Place of death Kiev , Russian Empire