Serranus
| Serranus | ||||||||||||
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Serranus tigrinus |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Serranus | ||||||||||||
| Cuvier , 1817 |
Serranus is a genus of sawfish (Serranidae). The fish live on both sides of the Atlantic, in the Mediterranean, in the Black Sea, in the southwest Indian Ocean (coast of South Africa), in the tropical eastern Pacific and possibly, as an invasive species, in the Red Sea ( Serranus cabrilla ). The western Atlantic has the highest biodiversity with 14 species, followed by the eastern Atlantic with 10 species. There are 6 species in the eastern Pacific and only two in the Indian Ocean. All species occur in only one region. The king saw bass ( Serranus atricauda ), the saw bass ( Serranus cabrilla ), the brown saw bass ( Serranus hepatus ) and the writing perch ( Serranus scriba ) live in the Mediterranean . Serranus species feed on small fish and invertebrates.
features
Most Serranus species reach lengths of less than 20 cm, some grow up to 40 cm long. Its dorsal fin is undivided, the caudal fin is straight, indented or slightly forked. The palate is toothed, but the tongue is not. The gill cover has three, more rarely two flat spines. The middle one is the largest and horizontally aligned, the lower one is often little or not at all developed. The body is covered with comb scales, some species also have round scales on the head and trunk, S. drewesi only has round scales. Different head regions can have scales or be scaly. The suprascapular scale (scale in the shoulder region) has spiny edges. The maxillary is not scaly. A supramaxillary (jawbone) is missing. The sideline is complete.
- Fin formula : dorsal X / 12-15, anal III / 6-8, pectoral 12-18, ventral I / 5, caudal 17.
- Vertebrae: 10 + 14.
- Branchiostegal rays : 7.
All species are likely to be simultaneous hermaphrodites , that is, have female and male gonads functioning at the same time.
species
There are over 30 species of Serranus :
- Serranus accraensis (Norman, 1931)
- Serranus aequidens Gilbert, 1890
- Serranus africanus (Cadenat, 1960)
- Serranus aliceae Carvalho Filho & Ferreira, 2013
- Serranus annularis (Günther, 1880)
- King Sawfish ( Serranus atricauda Günther, 1874 )
- Serranus atrobranchus (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829)
- Serranus baldwini (Evermann & Marsh, 1899)
- Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Serranus chionaraia Robins & Starck, 1961
- Serranus drewesi Iwamoto, 2018
- Serranus flaviventris (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829)
- Brown sawfish ( Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758) )
- Serranus heterurus (Cadenat, 1937)
- Serranus huascarii Steindachner, 1900
- Serranus inexpectatus Wirtz & Iwamoto, 2018
- Serranus luciopercanus Poey, 1852
- Serranus maytagi Robins & Starck, 1961
- Serranus notospilus Longley, 1935
- Serranus novemcinctus Kner, 1864
- Serranus phoebe Poey, 1851
- Serranus psittacinus Valenciennes, 1846
- Serranus sanctaehelenae Boulenger, 1895
- Script perch ( Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758) )
- Serranus socorroensis Allen & Robertson, 1992
- Serranus stilbostigma (Jordan & Bollman, 1890)
- Belt sandfish ( Serranus subligarius (Cope, 1870) )
- Serranus tabacarius (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829)
- Serranus tigrinus (Bloch, 1790)
- Serranus tortugarum Longley, 1935
literature
- Iwamoto, T. & Wirtz, P. (2018): A Synopsis of the Eastern and Central Atlantic Combers of the Genus Serranus (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes: Serranidae). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Series 4, 65 (1): 1-39.