sesame oil

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sesame oil
Light sesame oil and dark from roasted seeds Light sesame oil and dark from roasted seeds
Light sesame oil and dark from roasted seeds
Raw material plant (noun)

Sesame ( Sesamum indicum )

origin

Seeds

colour

pale yellow to reddish brown

ingredients
Oleic acid 28-44%
Linoleic acid 28-51%
Palmitic acid 6.5-10%
Lauric acid (0) to 13-16%
Myristic acid 4-9%
More fatty acids Stearic acid = 3.5-6.7%; Capric acid = 1.5-2.5%; Caprylic acid = 3–4%
properties
density 0.915-0.923 kg / l at 20 ° C
viscosity = 65 mPA · s at 20 ° C
Melting point −6 ° C
Smoke point light, unroasted sesame oil (unrefined) 220 ° C;
dark, toasted sesame oil (unrefined / cold-pressed) 177 ° C
Flash point 240 ° C
Iodine number 90-120
Saponification number 187-195
Calorific value 39.4 MJ / kg
Cetane number 40.4
Manufacturing and Consumption
Production worldwide 1.6 million tons (2014)
Most important production countries India , China , Myanmar , Japan
use Cooking oil

Sesame ( Sesamum indicum )
General chemical structure of fats such as sesame oil (R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are long-chain alkyl or alkenyl radicals with mostly an odd number of carbon atoms). Sesame oil is - like other vegetable oils - a mixture of trieste of glycerine .

Sesame oil is extracted from the seeds of sesame ( Sesamum indicum won).

The light-colored oil obtained from the natural seeds is pale yellow and largely odorless and tasteless - it is mainly used as an edible oil in Asian and Oriental cuisine . It is also used to make margarine . It is a component of skin care products and plays an important role in Ayurveda , where it is used, for example, for pouring oil on the forehead .

For the dark sesame oil, the cleaned, watered and dried seeds are roasted, then pressed, filtered and bottled after cooling. The roasting gives the oil a dark amber color and a typical, intense smell and taste of roasted nuts. This dark sesame oil is not used directly for cooking, but is added to dishes in small quantities as a seasoning, especially in Asian cuisine. The production of light sesame oil corresponds to the production of other vegetable oils . Around 300 liters of oil can be obtained from one ton of sesame seeds . The remaining press cake has a high protein content and is used as animal feed .

Sesame oil is a mixture of triglycerides with a proportion of about 45% linoleic acid (it does not contain free linoleic acid) among the fatty acids as well as traces of sesamol and carvacrol .

See also

Commons : Sesame Oil  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Sesame oil  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e W. M. Haynes: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th edition. CRC Press, 2014, ISBN 978-1-4822-0867-2 , Chapters 7-15.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães, Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo et al .: Sesame and flaxseed oil: nutritional quality and effects on serum lipids and glucose in rats. In: Food Sci. Technol. (Campinas) Vol. 33, No. 1, Campinas 2013, doi: 10.1590 / S0101-20612013005000029 .
  3. ^ A b c Frank D. Gunstone, John L. Harwood, Fred B. Padley: The Lipid Handbook. 2nd Edition. Chapman & Hall, 1994, ISBN 0-412-43320-6 , p. 96.
  4. ^ Fereidoon Shahidi: Bailey's industrial oil & fat products. 6th edition. Wiley-Interscience, New York 2005, ISBN 0-471-38460-7 .
  5. ↑ List of smoke points on oil-kontor.de, accessed on May 1, 2017.
  6. ↑ MA Rakusin: The investigation of petroleum and its products. Vieweg, 1906. (Let Me Print, 2013, ISBN 978-5-87762-073-5 , p. 31)
  7. ↑ Ibrahim Dincer, Calin Zamfirescu: Sustainable Energy Systems and Applications. Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-0-387-95860-6 , p. 184.
  8. ^ Forest Gregg: SVO. New Society, 2008, ISBN 978-0-86571-612-4 , p. 47.
  9. ↑ FAO statistics 2014 .
  10. ↑ Robert Ebermann, Ibrahim Elmadfa: Textbook food chemistry and nutrition. 2nd Edition. Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-7091-0210-7 , p. 564 f.
  11. ↑ Sesame oil: Use in Ayurveda and cosmetics on waschkultur.de, accessed on January 19, 2013.
  12. ^ The Seed Oil Fatty Acids (SOFA) database .
  13. ^ A. Qadir, A. Ali, M. Arif et al .: Solvent Extraction and GC-MS Analysis of Sesame Seeds for Determination of Bioactive Antioxidant Fatty Acid / Fatty Oil Components. In: Drug Res. (Stuttgart), Dec. 12, 2017, PMID 29232753 .