Shipibo-Conibo

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Shipibo-Conibo

Spoken in

Peru
speaker approx. 26,000 (as of 2003)
Linguistic
classification
Language codes
ISO 639-3

shp

Shipibo-Conibo is the name of two closely related indigenous ethnic groups who settle in eastern Peru around the Ucayalí river (Loreto and Ucayalí ​​departments); they live from agriculture, fishing and animal husbandry. Their language, also known as Shipibo-Conibo, is spoken by around 26,000 people.

Culture and way of life

The Shipibo-Conibo try to combine their traditional way of life with the modern. Many of their traditions are preserved, such as the institution of the medicine man who uses the drug ayahuasca to enter the spirit world. Spiritual songs and myths have influenced her artistic works and designs; they can be found on their clothing, pottery, tools, and textiles. Some of the people live in the city of Pucallpa , which is home to a large number of indigenous people. Most, however, live in scattered villages in the rainforest that stretches from Brazil to Ecuador . In addition to traditional subsistence farming based on fish, cassava and tropical fruits, they earn money by selling handicrafts and pottery. The Christian mission among the Shipibo-Conibo (mainly Franciscans ) has been active since the end of the 17th century - but to this day only with moderate success. The rich traditional cosmology is still relevant. The necromancers of the tribe have always had a lot of power. His ability to overcome (spiritual) boundaries and to unite opposites forms a social control mechanism. Overall, contacts with the “Euro-American world” have been sporadic over the past 300 years.

The fruit harvest has been negatively affected by global warming in recent years: the fruit trees and banana trees have been badly affected by floods on the one hand and unusual drought on the other - influenced by deforestation and erosion.

Kinship

Shipibo-Conibo belongs to the language family of the Pano languages (English Panoan ), which consists of 28 individual languages ​​(for further classification see Indigenous American languages ).

Linguistic characteristics

Shipibo-Conibo stamps for body painting

The suffix -bo ( Shipi-bo , Coni-bo ) denotes the plural . The Shipibo-Conibo has a very large repertoire of suffixes that can be agglutinated to the noun and especially to the verb . It is an ergative language , the basic word order is subject-object-verb . The set mode must in each set mandatory are designated by a suffix.

In the Shipibo-Conibo a system of existing subordinated verb forms (see Fig. Converbs ) used for not only prematurity, simultaneity and posteriority law can express, but also subject equality and -ungleichheit with the law. Interestingly, the equality of the direct object in the subordinate sentence with the subject of the main sentence (in the case of prematurity) can also be indicated by a special verb form.

In a number of verbs , nouns denoting body parts can be incorporated into the verb ( incorporation ), whereby these nouns are shortened to one syllable , e.g. B .:

choc- "wash" + mequen "hand" → mechoc- "wash your hands".

Personal pronouns

ea I
mia you
Yes he she it
noa we
mato her
jato / jabo she

The person is not expressed in that language on the verb.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Åke Hultkrantz , Michael Rípinsky-Naxon, Christer Lindberg: The book of the shamans. North and South America . Munich 2002, ISBN 3-550-07558-8 . P. 140.
  2. ^ The Shipibo-Conibo Amazon Forest People at the Dawn of the 21st Century . ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: ecoversity.org, accessed February 8, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ecoversity.org