Sicariidae

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Sicariidae
Loxosceles reclusa

Loxosceles reclusa

Systematics
Class : Arachnids (arachnida)
Order : Spiders (Araneae)
Subordination : Real spiders (Araneomorphae)
Partial order : Haplogynae
Superfamily : Scytodoidea
Family : Sicariidae
Scientific name
Sicariidae
Keyserling , 1880

The Sicariidae are a family of real spiders and comprise three genera with 163 species . (As of July 2018)

The family was and is sometimes called Loxoscelidae. The German arachnologist Jörg Wunderlich led the two genera Loxosceles and Sicarius separately as monogeneric families. The Loxoscelidae are currently listed in the World Spider Catalog as a synonym for the Sicariidae.

description

Sicarius sp.

All kinds of the family have six eyes in two rows. The species of the genus Loxosceles are mostly brownish in color and have a violin-like markings on the prosoma , whereas the Sicarius species have a greyish body color and the markings on the prosoma are missing. Sicarius species are known to bury themselves in sandy soil for stalking. Some Sicarius species can get very old; similar to tarantulas (Theraphosidae), females often reach an age of over 10 to 15 years. The Loxosceles species reach an age of 1.5 to 2 years. Bites of many species of Loxosceles , especially the Chilean angle spider ( Loxosceles laeta ) and the closely related North American brown reclusa spider ( Loxosceles reclusa ), are dangerous for humans.

distribution

Sicarius species are common in South America , South and West Africa and on the Galapagos Islands ( Sicarius utriformis ). Its distribution focus on the southern hemisphere speaks for a typical Gondwana distribution.

The species of the genus Loxosceles are distributed throughout America and Africa , only a few species are distributed in the Holarctic . According to the Arachnological Society , the cosmopolitan Loxosceles rufescens has so far been found in greenhouses and the like in the Netherlands , but has not yet been detected in Central and Northern Europe .

Systematics

The World Spider Catalog currently lists three genera and 163 species for the Sicariidae. (As of July 2017)



Web links

Commons : Sicariidae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Sicariidae in the World Spider Catalog

literature

  • Gertsch, Willis J. & Franklin Ennik : The spider genus Loxosceles in North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Araneae, Loxoscelidae). In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 175. 1983, 264-360.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 19.5 - Sicariidae . Retrieved July 21, 2017.
  2. ^ Willis J. Gertsch & Franklin Ennik: The spider genus Loxosceles in North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Araneae, Loxoscelidae). Bulletin of the American Museum Of Natural History, 175, 1983, pp. 264-360.
  3. ↑ Jörg Wunderlich: Fossil spiders (Araneae) of the superfamily Dysderoidea in Baltic and Dominican amber, with revised family diagnoses. In: Contribution Araneol. 3, 2004, pp. 633-746.