Loxosceles reclusa
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Loxosceles reclusa |
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| Gertsch & Mulaik , 1940 |
Loxosceles reclusa (German mostly: brown recluse spider ) is a type of real spider from the family of Sicariidae .
Appearance
Loxosceles reclusa usually grows between 6 and 20 mm. But there are also larger copies. It is brown, sometimes yellowish. The front part of the body ( prosoma ) is darker from the hillock to the thoracic fossa and a dark line runs from the thoracic fossa to the back of the body ( opisthosoma ). This dark drawing has a violin-like shape, which has given the species the common name “ fiddleback spider ” or “ violin spider ” in the English-speaking world .
front view
View from above, the 3 pairs of eyes are clearly visible here
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behavior
Like all Loxosceles species, these spiders build an irregular web with irregular threads and a niche to stay. The nets are often built in piles of wood, warehouses, toilets, garages or other places where it is dry and they are usually undisturbed for a long time. Females very rarely leave their refuge, only the males roam around in search of a mating partner.
distribution
The distribution area of Loxosceles reclusa extends from the Midwest to the southern United States . The northwest boundary of the area runs in a line from southeast Nebraska through southern Iowa , Illinois , and Indiana to southwest Ohio . In the southern United States it occurs from central Texas to western Georgia .
Bite and poison
The spider is generally not aggressive and only bites when it is in danger of being crushed. The necrotic appearance of a bite can be mistaken for a Staphylococcus aureus infection. These are more common than Loxosceles reclusa bites .
The bite is largely painless and usually goes unnoticed. The size of the affected area of skin is very small. Over time (within 2 to 8 hours afterwards) these wounds become more and more painful. Over the next 12 to 36 hours, the pain becomes more intense and the affected area larger. A few bite wounds will become necrotic in the next few days (about a week).
Other possible physical symptoms after a bite include: headache, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and muscle pain. Sepsis rarely occurs . There are also deaths.
Web links
Loxosceles reclusa in the World Spider Catalog
- Myth of the Brown Recluse Facts on the Spider
- Medical data sheet
Individual evidence
- ^ Jone SC: Ohio State University Fact Sheet: Brown Recluse Spider . Archived from the original on July 16, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 2, 2006.
- ↑ Swanson D, Vetter R: Bites of brown recluse spiders and suspected necrotic arachnidism. . In: N Engl J Med . 352, No. 7, 2005, pp. 700-707. PMID 15716564 .
- ^ Vetter R, Bush S: The diagnosis of brown recluse spider bite is overused for dermonecrotic wounds of uncertain etiology . In: Ann Emerg Med . 39, No. 5, 2002, pp. 544-546. PMID 11973562 .
- ^ Wasserman G, Anderson P: Loxoscelism and necrotic arachnidism . In: J Toxicol Clin Toxicol . 21, No. 4-5, pp. 451-472. PMID 6381752 .
- ^ Wasserman G: Bites of the brown recluse spider. . In: N Engl J Med . 352, No. 19, 2005, pp. 2029-2030; author reply 2029-2030. PMID 15892198 .
- ↑ Warning to parents: mother posts spider bite: five-year-old dies after these pictures - video. In: Focus Online . December 2, 2014, accessed October 14, 2018 .
