Seven heads of torture
The so-called seven heads torture (also seven farmers torture ) is a wayside shrine in the Lower Franconian town of Dettelbach . It was created around 1486 and is therefore one of the oldest sticks in the area. The wayside shrine stands west of the core town of Dettelbach on the Herz-Jesu-Höhe.
history
The first references to the wayside shrine date back to 1486, when the monasteries St. Stephan and Münsterschwarzach agreed on October 20 to separate their tithe rights in Dettelbach. In the document it is already mentioned that at the point where the two spheres of influence meet, "... then a stone image of torture should also be put on ...". Inward of the city, the narrow side received a reference to the Würzburg Benedictine monastery with a relief of St. Stephen , while out of town the unknown artist created St. Felicitas of the "Felicitas Abbey " in Schwarzach.
The origin of the wayside shrine was no longer known just a few decades later. The Dettelbacher introduced the term "seven-head torture" for him, which refers to events during the German Peasants' War in 1525. After the uprising against the authorities, the Würzburg prince-bishop Konrad II von Thüngen had a total of seven named Dettelbach ringleaders beheaded. The names of the rebels are also noted in the chronicle of Lorenz Fries . The heads of the sons of Felicitas lined up on the wayside shrine were connected with the events of the Peasants' War.
For centuries , the wayside shrine was an important landmark along the old Würzburger Strasse, which connected Dettelbach with the diocese metropolis. It was not until 1770 that the stick found itself in an offside position when the route of today's Bundesstraße 22 was laid. The piece, the reliefs of which could have come from the environment of Tilman Riemenschneider , has been renovated again and again . The wayside shrine was extensively restored in 2004. Its exposed position leads to rapid weathering damage to the reliefs.
description
The torture of the seven heads is a late Gothic wayside shrine . It is listed as an architectural monument by the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments. A chamfered , broad pillar passes through the four-sided article. A column capital with leaf ornamentation, which is already reminiscent of the Renaissance , mediates between the shaft and the top . The front is dominated by a crucifixion group. Mary on the left and John on the right under the cross with the crucified Jesus. The scene is framed by simple rectangular columns. The sandstone marter ends with a simple structure.
The narrow sides with the depictions of the saints are badly weathered. Saint Felicitas holds a sword in her hands on which the heads of her seven sons are placed. Saint Stephen with the dalmatic of the deacon on the opposite side stands like Felicitas in a relief niche with a round arch. The back of the stick is dominated by an inscription . It reads: "Sant steffans / vnd felicitas / beder closter / erechtigkeyt · die / they go through disen / Schiedstein / dis half · ad".
literature
- Hans Bauer: The Kitzinger Land. Valuables, monuments, curiosities. Volume II . Dettelbach 2007.
- Hans Bauer: Legends and stories from Dettelbach . Dettelbach 1999.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Bauer: Legends and stories from Dettelbach . Dettelbach 1999. pp. 55-57.
- ↑ Hans Bauer: The Kitzinger Land. Valuables, monuments, curiosities. Volume II . Dettelbach 2007. pp. 27-29.
Coordinates: 49 ° 48 ′ 1.2 ″ N , 10 ° 8 ′ 40.9 ″ E