Siebenröhrenbrunnen (Heilbronn)
The Siebenröhrenbrunnen is a listed fountain in the Kirchbrunnenstraße in Heilbronn . The fountain presumably held the source that gave the city of Heilbronn its name, and has been relocated and redesigned several times in the course of its history.
history
The church fountain in Heilbronn was first mentioned in 1364/65. In its eponymous form with seven tubes, it was created by Balthasar Wolff around 1541 . The fountain was a little below street level on Kirchbrunnenstrasse and was surrounded by a larger walled fountain with basins for washing and bleaching laundry. Its westward-facing entrance was flanked by two massive columns, between which a few steps led down to the approximately 19-meter-long and five to six-meter wide complex. In 1680, the well is said to have poured around 1235 cubic meters of water per day, i.e. around 14 liters per second. Because the spring water was sufficiently warm, the fountain, according to tradition, never froze over except in January 1726. In 1809 the well structure was willfully destroyed. When further wells were drilled in the area as industrialization began , it dried up for the first time in 1835. In the following years it bubbled again for a while, but then fell completely dry in 1857; the groundwater level in the area of Heilbronn's old town had fallen by around two meters due to increased consumption of spring water. In 1868 the sporadically flowing spring outlet was diluted and the well completely demolished.
A fund was set up to restore the well in around the 1860s. In 1904 the Stuttgart architect Loesti (according to another source: Leonhard Romeis from Munich) then reconstructed the fountain based on the preserved fragments and old illustrations, but turned 180 degrees against the original orientation, closer to the Kilian's Church and without a surrounding fountain. Because of the seven tubes of the fountain, Heilbronn was now assigned to the seven good cities of the Kingdom of Württemberg .
The sculptural jewelry was created by the Ulm court sculptor Karl Federlin , including the portrait medallions on the archway of the fountain house. On the left, they show the Franconian caretaker Karlmann , whose donation to the diocese of Würzburg, dated 741, is the first documentary mention of Heilbronn in a document from 822; Emperor Charles IV is shown on the right , who made Heilbronn an imperial city in 1371 . In the semicircular top of the tympanum , the inscription can be read: FONTE SALVTIFERO BVL = / LANTEIS VNDIQVE VENAE / MONSTRANT AETERNI / MVNERA SANCTA DEI (water gushing out of the holy spring proclaims that the eternal God prays holy gifts). It is dated ANNO DOMINI 1541 on the reverse . Below the top is a relief with Jesus and the Samaritan woman. The depiction shows Jesus with the woman who fetches water from a draw well with a jug and clay jug. Above it stands her request to Jesus, GIVE ME THE SAME THAT THAT DON'T PREVENT ME , above Jesus his answer to the fact that THE WATER I GIVE A BRON INTO ETERNAL LIFE . A relief with a baptismal scene can be seen on the left side wall of the fountain housing. On the back of the fountain, an inscription reminds of the reconstruction from 1904: At an ancient holy spring, pagan Germanic people former sacrificial site, pious hands built this Christian church in honor of Saint Kilian. Above the spring, the citizens of the imperial city had erected a splendid fountain, giving plenty of water from seven pipes. Later destroyed and buried for a long time, the fountain was rebuilt in the 32nd year of the new empire, according to the will of the fathers of the city. MDCCCCIII.
During the air raid on Heilbronn in December 1944, the well was also badly damaged. The subsequent reconstruction was based on the reconstruction from 1904. The five figures on the tympanum - to the left and right of the cornice two almost life-size city flag bearers and three putti on the crown - were not renewed after the air raid on Heilbronn. Maria Fitzen-Wohnsiedler designed the fountain bowl of the reconstructed fountain in 1960 with colored stones and crystals. The fountain and its surroundings were then redesigned several times. Today the fountain only has a simple fountain bowl. The original tympanum was kept in the Heilbronn Lapidarium for a long time and is now part of the permanent exhibition in the Heilbronn House of City History .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Christhard Schrenk, Hubert Weckbach: The past traced - pictures on Heilbronn's history from 741–1803 , Heilbronn 1993, no. 2.
- ^ Julius Fekete: Art and cultural monuments in the city and district of Heilbronn . Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1662-2 , p. 24.
- ↑ Julius Fekete among others: Monument topography Baden-Württemberg Volume I.5 Stadtkreis Heilbronn . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , p. 110 [Kirchbrunnenstrasse Siebenröhrenbrunnen ].
- ↑ Schmolz, Helmut u. Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn - History and Life of a City , Weißenhorn, Anton H. Konrad-Verlag, 2nd edition 1973. No. 7 [Tympanum from the Holy Well] and No. 8 [Relief "Jesus and the Samaritan woman from the Holy Well, 1541 ] on p. 25.
- ↑ Fountain bowl with glittering and colored stones. In: Heilbronner Voice of June 3, 1960
literature
- Julius Fekete , Simon Haag, Adelheid Hanke, Daniela Naumann: Heilbronn district . (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , cultural monuments in Baden-Württemberg, Volume I.5.). Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , pp. 110 .
- Marianne Dumitrache, Simon M. Haag: Archaeological city cadastre Baden-Württemberg . Volume 8: Heilbronn. Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-927714-51-8 , p. 147 [3.3.6.1.1 Spring fountain 271 Kirchbrunnen / Heilbrunnen / Siebenröhrenbrunnen, sold, Kirchbrunnenstrasse]
- Werner Heim, "Heilbronn, the city during the Biedermeier period. 36 lithographs by the Wolff brothers". Printing and publishing house Heilbronn GmbH.
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 29.5 ″ N , 9 ° 13 ′ 10.19 ″ E