Cone-fruity catchfly

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Cone-fruity catchfly
Cone-fruited catchfly (Silene conica)

Cone-fruited catchfly ( Silene conica )

Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Caryophylloideae
Tribe : Sileneae
Genre : Glue herbs
Type : Cone-fruity catchfly
Scientific name
Silene conica
L.

The cone-fruited catchwort ( Silene conica ) is a member of the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae) that is very rare in Central Europe .

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 4
Ripe capsule fruit
Seeds
inflorescence

Appearance and leaf

The cone-fruited catchwort grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches a stature height of 15 to 30 centimeters. The stem is unbranched or branched, has six to nine longer internodes and is thickened at the lower nodes. He is dense and short haired. The sessile, densely haired foliage leaves are 15 to 40 millimeters long and 1 to 5 millimeters wide and narrow, elongated and linear.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period is mainly in June and July. The inflorescence consists of little-flowered dichasias . The 10 to 15 mm long calyx is pointed at first, later bulbous, somewhat flattened at the base and streaked by 30 nerves. The calyx teeth are pointed and about 4 to 5 millimeters long. The pink crown is 13 to 20 millimeters long and has a two-column plate with a secondary crown. There are three styluses.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

ecology

The stamens and stylus unfold one after the other within the same day. Presumably, self-pollination occurs.

Occurrence

Silene conica occurs from the Mediterranean to western and central Europe as well as southern Sweden and England. Advancing east to Russia, the Middle East and West Siberia. It is a sub-Mediterranean floral element . The species is very rare in Austria, naturally only found in Lower Austria and Burgenland, and secondarily in Salzburg and Styria. In Switzerland it is only occasionally to be found abducted. The cone-fruited catchfly is rarely found in Germany in the northern Upper Rhine Plain (for example Sandhausener Dunes , Großer Sand (Mainz) ) and in eastern Germany.

The cone-fruited catchwort grows on sandy lawns, dunes and on embankments. It thrives best on dry, lime-poor, but base-rich sandy soils . In Central Europe it is a character species of the association Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri.

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Silene conica L. subsp. conica : It occurs in Portugal, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, Sicily, the Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania.
  • Silene conica subsp. conomaritima Jordanov & Panov : It occurs in Bulgaria.

Species protection

  • Hazard in Germany: Category 3: endangered
  • Endangerment in Austria: Category 1: critically endangered

literature

  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3366-0 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 362.
  2. ↑ a b c Karol Marhold, 2011: Caryophyllaceae : Datasheet Silene conica In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Silene conica ( Silene conica )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files