Sima Yue

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Sima Yue (司馬 越) (* 3rd century ; † April 23, 311 in Xiancheng ) was a Chinese prince of the Jin Dynasty who was involved in the War of the Eight Princes . From 306 to 311 he was the Chinese regent.

Life

origin

Sima Yue was a son of Sima Yi's nephew, the prince of Gaomi , Sima Tai († 299). He held the title of Prince of Donghai . He had at least three brothers: Sima Lue , Sima Mo and Sima Teng .

Rebellion against Sima Ying

Under the Chinese regent Sima Ying , Sima Yue 304 was responsible for the civil authorities in the capital. In the same year, he rose against Sima Ying to remove him from his office and formally restore the emperor's power. Both sides met at Tangyin . Sima Yue was beaten and had to flee.

Rebellion against Sima Yong

In 305 he rebelled against Sima Yong , another prince who controlled the central government in China at the time , because he had kidnapped the emperor and brought him into his power. Large parts of the province of Guanzhong submitted to Sima Yue until 306. This then appointed himself taifu and thus de facto ruler of the country. The mercenaries of the Xianbei and Wuhuan who fought in Sima Yue's army played an important role in his victory over Sima Yong .

Regency; Fight against Shi Le

Immediately after taking power, Sima Yue had the Emperor Jin Huidi killed by poisoned food. He then made Sima Zhi emperor, but the latter only acted as a puppet for Sima Yue's government. In the summer of 307 the seat of government was relocated to Xuchang and several key positions in the military were filled. Influential offices fell to Sima Yue's brothers. A little later, however, this newly created balance of power fell apart when Sima Teng was killed by the rebel leader Shi Le . Shi Le, who had already fought against the Jin at the time of the Eight Princes, destroyed Sima Teng's seat of government Ye. Shi Le came from the lower class and had a deep dislike for the nobility. Since he cooperated with the insurgent Liu Yuan, the new alliance was able to conquer almost the entire area north of the Yellow River by 308 . Sima Yue failed to control the uprising. When his brother Sima Lue died a little later and Sima Yue had his successor killed, he finally lost the respect of his troops. Shi Le was able to take the seat of government in Xuchang in March or April 311. The Chinese emperor then planned to murder Sima Yue because he did not agree with his dictatorial rule. But that didn't happen: Sima Yue died on April 23, 311 from the effects of stress .

Offspring

  • Consort: Pei († after 311)
    • Sima Pi († 311).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ War of the Eight Princes, In: LebenDom
  2. ↑ David Knechtges / Taiping Chang (ed.): Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature, Vol. 1. A Reference Guide, Leiden / Boston, p. 541.
  3. ^ Robin Yates / Ralph Sawyer: Military aspects of the War of the Eight Princes 300-307. In: Nicola di Cosmo (ed.): Military Culture in Imperial China. Cambridge et al. a. 2009, p. 116.
  4. ^ David Knechtges / Taiping Chang, p. 542.
  5. ^ Yates / Sawyer 2009, p. 134.
  6. ^ Yates / Sawyer 2009, p. 136
  7. ↑ Ibid.
predecessor Office successor
Cao Qi (?) Prince of Donghai
291-311 		Sima Chong
predecessor Office successor
Sima Yong (as regent) taifu of china
306-311 		vacant
personal data
SURNAME Sima, Yue
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Yuanchao
BRIEF DESCRIPTION chinese prince
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH 311
Place of death Xiancheng