Simon Heinrich Sack

Simon Heinrich Sack (born June 27, 1723 in Hecklingen , † December 2, 1791 in Glogau, today Głogów ) was a German lawyer and the Royal Prussian Court and Justice Commission Council in Glogau. He is the founder of the Hofrat Simon Heinrich Sack'sche Family Foundation .

Live and act

family

Coat of arms of the Sack family (dove)

Simon Heinrich Sack was the son of court preacher Friedrich Ernst Sack from Hecklingen (1676–1763) and his wife Dorothea Lucanus (1695–1770), the sister of the Prussian privy councilor Johann Heinrich Lucanus (1693–1759), from 1742 General Fiscal Councilor in Glogau and later president of the senior consistory and the senior government in Glogau.

Sack was not married and therefore had no legitimate children, only one suspected illegitimate child with his housekeeper Anna Maria Biesler (1735–1799), Louise Ernestine (1757–1831), whom he raised as a foster daughter and adopted in 1774. In 1776 she married the tax collector and later councilor Carl Christoph Cramer from Glogau and was given the married name "Cramer".

Career

Simon Heinrich Sack

Sack enrolled with his brother Carl August Sack (1721-1810) in 1740 at the University of Halle to study law and completed his studies in Frankfurt / Oder. After the transition of Silesia to Brandenburg-Prussia in 1742, the judicial system in Silesia was reorganized and the previous jurisdictions were formed by the regional government in Glogau and Breslau. It can be assumed that the General Fiscal Government Councilor Johann Heinrich Lucanus helped his nephew Sack to get a job as a trainee lawyer at the Oberamtsregierung in Glogau. At the age of 25 he was already a lawyer and in 1750 at the age of 27 he was appointed court and judicial commissioner to the regional government in Glogau. His activity was not limited to the legal representation at the regional government. He also took on fiduciary duties, so u. a. the financial administration of Baron Gustav von Schlabrendorf, who was abroad . When Austrian state and private goods were transferred into Prussian possession, Sack not only carried out the notarial acts, but also bought neglected goods himself, repaired them and sold them at a profit.

Sack initially ran the law firm with his brother Wilhelm Sack (1726–1800), who was employed in Wroclaw in 1752 and was a lawyer in Wroclaw from 1756 with the title of Court and Criminal Counselor.

Since the beginning of 1752 Sack owned a rented apartment on the market in Glogau. In the following years he acquired the Lauersitz estate on the other side of the Oder, which lay between the Herrnlauersitz and Irsingen estates that belonged to his uncle Lucanus. In the great fire of the city of Glogau in 1758 he lost the house on the market.

In October 1759, the Seven Years' War also reached Gut Lauersitz. As a result of the threat from Russian troops, Sack and his brother Johann Adolph Sack (1726–1800), who also lived in Glogau, had allegedly taken to safety on the estate. At this time, the youngest brother Philipp Wilhelm Sack (1734–1813) lived on the Sacks estate. He was wounded as a lieutenant in the Battle of Leuthen in 1757, then took his leave and trained in agriculture on his brother's estate from 1758, an activity that he was able to use from 1774 as a councilor in the war and domain chamber in Kleve and general tenant of the Hausberge office. The Cossacks under General Gottlob Curt Heinrich von Tottleben (1715–1773) occupied the estate and castle in November 1759 and plundered and devastated the property. While trying to escape to the other side of the Odra, Philipp Sack was captured and taken to Posen. Only in the following year did his brother manage to redeem him for a ransom. Until the sale of the estate in 1774, Philipp Sack managed his brother's estate.

In 1767, Sack acquired Glogau citizenship and in 1768 bought house no. 30 from the Topfgasse (later Mohrengasse) from the property of the late mayor Karl Andreae, which he enlarged considerably.

In 1781 Frederick the Great issued a state monopoly on coffee for Prussia based on the French model , which was only abolished in 1787 after his death. In addition to importing and trading, the state also regulated coffee roasting on its own. Private roasting was strictly forbidden, and roasting was only done in the state roasting plant in Berlin. Only the royal bonded warehouses and a few licensed grocers were allowed to sell the roasted coffee. Initially, Sack was subordinate to the General Coffee Depot for Silesia in 1780/1781. He then handed this task over to his son-in-law Cramer.

As a lawyer , he was highly regarded for his honesty and impartiality in the difficult property transfers after the first Silesian wars and after the Seven Years' War . This made a huge fortune. He brought these assets into the Hofrat Simon Heinrich Sack'sche Family Foundation, which still exists today, even if the foundation's assets were considerably reduced by the events of the war and inflation.

Sack ended his professional activity after the judicial reform of his college friend Johann Heinrich von Carmer (1720–1801). From 1751 he was director and from 1763 president of the upper office government in Breslau, from 1768 chief president of all upper office governments in Silesia and from 1779 Prussian Grand Chancellor. He continued the judicial reform begun by Baron Samuel von Cocceji (1679–1755). Sack and v. Carmer had met several times in Silesia. A few days before the publication of the Corpus Juris Fridericianum in April 1780, a conversation took place in which the Grand Chancellor wanted to persuade Sack to give up the plan to resign from his office as Commissioner of Justice, as there would be no change in his previous business. When the law was published, however, Sack found that the Grand Chancellor's statement was incorrect, as the lawyers who had previously worked as freelance workers were replaced by civil servants. Sack resigned his judicial office and the judicial officers.

Sack died in 1791 and was buried as requested in the crypt of the Schifflein Christi church in Glogau.

literature

• Mark Pockrandt: Biography and theology of the Berlin court preachers August Friedrich Wilhelm Sack (1703–1786) and Friedrich Samuel Gottfried Sack (1738–1817). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2003. p. 14 ff, ( preview or online at Google Books )
• Brigitte vdOsten-Sacken, Simon Heinrich Sack Letters and Documents (1751–1791) Marburg / Lahn 1996, ISBN 3-00-001022-X
• Hans Joachim Jörs, Familienforschung Cramer, Die Taube: Family sheet for the members of the Hofrat Sack'schen Foundation, No. 139 (1968) 1500–1501 (a CD from the magazine Die Taube can be obtained from the Foundation, online: [3] )
• Hans Sack, old and new about the founder Simon Heinrich Sack, Die Taube: Family sheet for the members of the Hofrat Sack Foundation, No. 131 (1964) 1425–1427

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Berlin monthly magazine , 1805: [1]
2. ↑ Monika Köpcke, beer instead of coffee, a state coffee monopoly was introduced in Prussia 225 years ago, Deutschlandfunk, calendar sheet / archive / contribution from January 21, 2006, accessed online on October 23, 2014 [2]

Web links

• Website of the Hofrat Simon Heinrich Sack'sche Family Foundation in Germany
• Website of the Hofrat Simon Heinrich Sack'sche Family Foundation in the USA
• Website of the Preussen-Museum NRW , in which the archive of the foundation is located
• Rambow Genealogy website